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Boeing 747-400 Tutorial: Difference between revisions
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Watch the N2% RPM increase in the EICAS display. Bleed air from the APU is being 'blown' across the engine and is beginning to turn the turbines. '''When the N2% RPM indicator on the EICAS reaches around 14%, switch the Fuel Control Switch for Engine 4 to RUN.''' The engine should start up and then idle back. | Watch the N2% RPM increase in the EICAS display. Bleed air from the APU is being 'blown' across the engine and is beginning to turn the turbines. '''When the N2% RPM indicator on the EICAS reaches around 14%, switch the Fuel Control Switch for Engine 4 to RUN.''' The engine should start up and then idle back. | ||
'''Repeat this process for engine 1.''' Pull the Start Selector, wait for N2 to reach the magenta line, set Fuel Control to RUN. | |||
'''Now do the same thing for engines 2 and 3.''' As soon as you get the hang of it, you can start engines 1 & 4 and engines 2 & 3 simultaneously. | |||
'''Turn OFF the APU.''' The main engines are now powering the electrical, pneumatic, and hydraulic systems. The APU is no longer needed. | |||
'''Check the upper EICAS (center display) for any warnings.''' If any appear, resolve them before continuing. | |||
===Taxi and Takeoff=== | |||
Turn TAXI LIGHT ON. Even though it's daytime, it's good practice to turn them on as it makes your aircraft more visible. | |||
'''Set flaps to takeoff configuration.''' The standard for a 747 is flaps 20, but if you set flaps 10 in the FMC earlier on, use 10. The flaps take a minute or so to extend, so extend them well before you begin your takeoff roll. | |||
'''Move the control wheel and the control column to full travel''' in both directions and verify: | |||
• freedom of movement | |||
• that the controls return to center | |||
Altough control surface failures are currently not simulated, it is good to get used to this, as you will/should do it with whatever aircraft you fly. | |||
'''Release parking brake and taxi to the runway.''' As you taxi, review your V1, Vr, and V2 speeds. Ensure all other flight systems are set and you're ready to fly. When the runway is clear of incoming traffic, '''taxi onto the runway and stop''' (called "position and hold"). | |||
'''Turn LANDING and STROBE lights ON.''' | |||
'''Enable Autothrottle.''' This will arm the autothrottles of the aircraft. | |||
'''Ensure that F/D is ON, runway heading is set in HDG, IAS is set to V2, LNAV and VNAV are armed, and that altitude is 10,000.''' If all is set, then you're ready to fly! | |||
'''Move throttles slowly forward to around 70% N1, then click the TO/GA button.''' | |||
The TO/GA (Take Off/Go Around) button tells the flight computer to control throttle settings during takeoff and initial climbout. The TO/GA button is located on the yoke in the real cockpit. In FlightGear, this button is not yet implemented, press the SPD button on the glareshield instead. | |||
Apply slight forward pressure on the stick/yoke until you reach around 80 knots to keep the nose gear firmly against the runway. Use rudder to keep the plane centered on the runway. If something goes wrong or you receive an EICAS warning message, quickly return throttles to idle and initiate reverse thrust (Delete key). Autobraking will commence if you are travelling over 85 knots, otherwise apply braking, exit the runway, resolve the problem, and try again. | |||
When the copilot announces V1, this means that you're going to fly, or at least try to, if you experience any problems. You are now going too fast to safely reject the takeoff. Any problems that you encounter should be taken into flight with you. | |||
'''At Rotate, slowly and smoothly pull back on the controls to become airborne.''' You should be leaving the runway by the time V2 is announced. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
* http://smithplanet.com/fs2004/pmdg/ | * http://smithplanet.com/fs2004/pmdg/ | ||
* ''747-469/-4F6 Flight Crew Operations Manual'', The Boeing Company | * ''747-469/-4F6 Flight Crew Operations Manual'', The Boeing Company | ||