Fr/FlightGear wiki:Manual of Style: Difference between revisions

== Les majuscules ==

===N'utilisez pas de majuscules pour accentuer===

== Abréviations ==

* When an abbreviation is to be used in an article, give the expression in full at first, followed immediately by the abbreviation in parentheses (round brackets). In the rest of the article the abbreviation can then be used by itself:

::{{xt|The instrument landing system (ILS) is a ground-based instrument approach system}}, at the first mention of the instrument landing system; and

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The ampersand (&) substitutes for the word ''and'' (it is a form of Latin ''et''). In normal text, ''and'' should be used instead: {{xt|version 1 and 2}}, not {{!xt|version 1 & 2}}. Ampersands may be used with consistency and discretion in tables, infoboxes, and similar contexts where space is limited.

Italics may be used ''sparingly'' to emphasize words in sentences (whereas boldface is normally not used for this purpose). Generally, the more highlighting in an article, the less its effectiveness.

Quotations must always be clearly indicated as being quotations. For quotations, use only quotation marks (for short quotations) or block quoting (for long ones), not italics. (See [[#Quotations|Quotations]] below.) This means that (1) a quotation is not italicized inside quotation marks or a block quote just because it is a quotation, and (2) italics are no substitute for proper quotation formatting.

Where the same quotation has been used elsewhere in the article, avoid duplicating it, which is regarded as poor style.

Quotations should generally be worked into the article text, so as not to inhibit the pace, flow and organization of the article. Longer quotes may need to be set apart, generally through the use of wikitext templates such as {{tl|Quote}} or {{tl|Quotation}}. Longer quotations may also be hidden in the reference (footnote) to facilitate verification by other editors without sacrificing readability. For pull quotes (quotes of the article text used to highlight a section) the {{tl|Cquote}} template can be used. Quotations used only as sources to support statements contained in the article can be added with a <tt><nowiki><ref></nowiki></tt> tag containing a reference formatted with the {{tl|cite web}} template; in that case, add {{tl|Appendix}} at the end of the page so that citations can be displayed in a uniform way.

Quotations must be verifiably attributed and the wording of the quoted text should be faithfully reproduced. If there is a significant error in the original statement, use {{xt|[''[[sic]]'']}} to show that the error was not made by the wiki editors. However, trivial spelling and typographic errors should simply be corrected without comment (for example, correct {{!xt|basicly}} to {{xt|basically}}), unless the slip is textually important.

Use [[#Ellipses|ellipses]] to indicate omissions from quoted text. Legitimate omissions include extraneous, irrelevant, or parenthetical words. Do not omit text where doing so would remove important context or alter the meaning of the text.  

In most cases it is not desirable to duplicate the original formatting. Formatting and other purely typographical elements of quoted text should be adapted to the wiki's conventions without comment provided that doing so will not change or obscure the meaning of the text. These are alterations which make no difference when the text is read aloud, such as:

* Changing capitalization so that sentences begin with capital letters.

* Expanding abbreviations.

For quotations within quotations, use double quote marks outermost and, working inward, alternate single with double quote marks.

The author of a quote of a full sentence or more should be named; this is done in the main text and not in a footnote. A reader should not have to follow a footnote to learn whose words a quote is.

As much as possible, avoid linking from within quotes, which may clutter the quotation, violate the principle of leaving quotations unchanged, and mislead or confuse the reader.

Format a long quote (more than about 40 words or a few hundred characters, or consisting of more than one paragraph, regardless of length) as a block quotation, which the wiki's software will indent from both margins. Do not enclose block quotations in quotation marks (and especially avoid decorative quotation marks in normal use, such as those provided by the {{tl|cquote}} template, which are reserved for pull quotes; quoted sections from elsewhere in the same wiki article). Block quotations can be added with {{tl|quote}} or {{tl|quotation}}.

Long quotations crowd the actual article and remove attention from other information. Many direct quotations can be minimized in length by providing an appropriate context in the surrounding text. A summary or paraphrase of a quotation is often better where the original wording could be improved. Consider minimizing the length of a quotation by paraphrasing, by working smaller portions of quotation into the article text, or both.

This means that a quotation is visually on the page, but its relevance is not explained anywhere.

* Using too many quotes is incompatible with the encyclopedic writing style.

* As a matter of style, quoteboxes should generally be avoided as they draw special attention to the opinion of one source, and present that opinion as though the project endorses it. Instead of using quoteboxes to highlight its notability, explain its importance before introducing the quote or in an introduction to the quote.

* Longer quotations may be hidden in the reference as a footnote to facilitate verification by other editors without sacrificing readability.

=== Apostrophes ===

* Consistent use of the straight (or ''typewriter'') apostrophe ({{xt|&nbsp;'&nbsp;}}) is recommended, as opposed to the curly (or ''typographic'') apostrophe ({{!xt|&nbsp;’&nbsp;}}).

: Enclose quotations with double quotation marks ({{xt|Bob said, "Jim ate the apple."}}). Enclose quotations inside quotations with single quotation marks ({{xt|Bob said, "Did Jim say 'I ate the apple' after he left?"}}).

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* In general, write whole numbers from one to nine as words, write other numbers that take two words or fewer to say as either figures or words (with consistency within each article), and write all other numbers as figures: {{xt|1/5}} or {{xt|one-fifth}}, {{xt|84}} or {{xt|eighty-four}}, {{xt|200}} or {{xt|two hundred}}, but {{xt|3.75}}, {{xt|544}}, {{xt|21&nbsp;million}}.

* In general, use a comma to delimit numbers with five or more digits to the left of the decimal point. Numbers with four digits are at the editor's discretion: {{xt|12,345}}, but either {{xt|1,000}} or {{xt|1000}}.

* Write {{xt|3%}}, {{xt|three percent}}, or {{xt|three per cent}}, but not {{!xt|3 %}} (with a space) or {{!xt|three %}}. "Percent" is American usage, and "per cent" is British usage. In ranges of percentages written with an en dash, write only one percent sign: {{xt|3–14%}}.

* The main unit in which a quantity is expressed should generally be an SI unit or non-SI unit officially accepted for use with the SI.

* In a direct quotation, always keep the source units. If a conversion is required, it should appear within square brackets in the quote, or else an obscure use of units can be explained in a footnote.