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Sopwith Camel (JSBSim): Difference between revisions
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===STARTING OUT=== | ===STARTING OUT=== | ||
Press { and } once each - so that both L and R magneto switches are in upward position. Check that Blip Switch ('b' key, | Press { and } once each - so that both L and R magneto switches are in upward position. | ||
visible button on Camel's joystick handle) is disengaged. Check throttle | |||
It may take several tries before the engine catches. If you spawn in on the ground, chocks are in place. Shift-B to remove. | Check that Blip Switch ('b' key, | ||
visible button on Camel's joystick handle) is disengaged. | |||
Check throttle set at 100% (on startup FlightGear often has your throttle at 0% even though the slider may be at 100%). | |||
Press and hold the 's' key for 0.5 seconds. | |||
It may take several tries before the engine catches. | |||
If you spawn in on the ground, chocks are in place. Shift-B to remove. | |||
===TAKE OFF=== | ===TAKE OFF=== | ||
Always take off directly INTO wind regardless of runway configuration. Zoom view full out; steer via peripheral vision. | Always take off directly INTO wind regardless of runway configuration. | ||
Zoom view full out; steer via peripheral vision. | |||
Easiest, most dependable way to take off: Full throttle, moderate back-pressure on stick to keep | Easiest, most dependable way to take off: Full throttle, moderate back-pressure on stick to keep | ||
tail engaged w/ ground. Use rudder to steer (tail dragging on ground provides most control authority). | tail engaged w/ ground. Use rudder to steer (tail dragging on ground provides most control authority). | ||
3-point lift-off @ 40-45 KTS (45-50 mph); immediately ease stick forward to avoid excessive climb, loss of airspeed, stall. | 3-point lift-off @ 40-45 KTS (45-50 mph); immediately ease stick forward to avoid excessive climb, loss of airspeed, stall. | ||
More advanced | |||
More advanced takeoff procedure usable under calm conditions: Gently lift tail @ 30-35 mph and continue rolling (or in ground effect) through 50-55 mph before lift-off. | |||
Crashing on takeoff? Check wind and weather - many real Camel pilots crashed on take-off/landing with strong crosswind or tailwind. | Crashing on takeoff? Check wind and weather - many real Camel pilots crashed on take-off/landing with strong crosswind or tailwind. | ||
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===THROTTLE, BLIP SWITCH, AND MAGNETOS=== | ===THROTTLE, BLIP SWITCH, AND MAGNETOS=== | ||
Real Camel pilots used a combination of throttle, magneto settings, and the blip switch to achieve desired power | Real Camel pilots used a combination of throttle, magneto settings, and the blip switch to achieve desired power | ||
settings. Throttle provides a limited range of power settings. The blip switch (b) disengages both magnetos and cuts | settings. | ||
Throttle provides a limited range of power settings. | |||
The blip switch (b) disengages both magnetos and cuts | |||
power totally. Engaging either R or L brake (via keyboard, joystick, or rudder/pedals) also engages the blip switch. | power totally. Engaging either R or L brake (via keyboard, joystick, or rudder/pedals) also engages the blip switch. | ||
Releasing the brake (or releasing the 'b' key) releases the blip switch. Engaging only one magneto ('{' or '}') | Releasing the brake (or releasing the 'b' key) releases the blip switch. | ||
Engaging only one magneto ('{' or '}') | |||
reduces engine RPM to just under half (L magneto) and just over half (R magneto). | reduces engine RPM to just under half (L magneto) and just over half (R magneto). | ||
This gives you 3 distinct power settings via magneto (L, R, or both) - you can fine-tune each of them with the throttle. | This gives you 3 distinct power settings via magneto (L, R, or both) - you can fine-tune each of them with the throttle. | ||
Note that L magneto ON/R magneto OFF + Blip switch gives you very fine low-power control for, e.g., approach and landing. | Note that L magneto ON/R magneto OFF + Blip switch gives you very fine low-power control for, e.g., approach and landing. | ||
===NEGATIVE G - INVERTED FLIGHT=== | ===NEGATIVE G - INVERTED FLIGHT=== | ||
The Camel's fuel system requires gravity to feed fuel to the engine. If you fly inverted or pull negative Gs, the | The Camel's fuel system requires gravity to feed fuel to the engine. | ||
engine will soon stop. Once you return to upright flight, fuel will flow and the engine will start again. | |||
If you fly inverted or pull negative Gs, the | |||
engine will soon stop. | |||
Once you return to upright flight, fuel will flow and the engine will start again. | |||
===APPROACH AND LANDING=== | ===APPROACH AND LANDING=== | ||
Land directly into wind regardless of runway layout. Throttle FULL OPEN, L Magneto ON, R Magneto OFF. Control engine | Land directly into wind regardless of runway layout. | ||
power via Blip Switch (b); Engine is typically mostly OFF (via Blip) on approach. Note relatively steep glide slope. Sideslip as needed | |||
to control speed. On runout, hold tail firmly down to act as brake. | Throttle FULL OPEN, L Magneto ON, R Magneto OFF. | ||
Control engine | |||
power via Blip Switch (b); Engine is typically mostly OFF (via Blip) on approach. | |||
Note relatively steep glide slope. | |||
Sideslip as needed to control speed. Simply engaging ailerons may provide you with all the sideslip you need (adverse yaw). | |||
On runout, hold tail firmly down to act as brake. | |||
Unstable or ground loop on landing? Just add full power (R Magneto ON) and go around. | Unstable or ground loop on landing? Just add full power (R Magneto ON) and go around. | ||
===KEY SPEEDS=== | ===KEY SPEEDS=== | ||
Approach speed 55 KTS (60-65 mph) | * Approach speed 55 KTS (60-65 mph) | ||
Stall speed 41 KTS (48 mph) | * Threshhold speed 48 KTS (55 mph) | ||
* Touchdown speed: 40 KTS (45-50 mph) | |||
* Stall speed 41 KTS (48 mph) | |||
* Best Climb speed 55 KTS (60-65 mph) (all IAS) | |||
===GUNS & RELOADING=== | ===GUNS & RELOADING=== | ||
Guns have 400 rounds each, the maximum capacity of the Camel. | Guns have 400 rounds each, the maximum capacity of the Camel. | ||
Fire with the 'e' key or a joystick trigger linked to /controls/armament/trigger. | Fire with the 'e' key or a joystick trigger linked to /controls/armament/trigger. | ||
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===MISC=== | ===MISC=== | ||
TAXIING: In windy conditions, use elevator to hold tail firmly down for better steering authority. At high RPM, prop wash | TAXIING: In windy conditions, use elevator to hold tail firmly down for better steering authority. | ||
At high RPM, prop wash | |||
gives some rudder and elevator authority even at near stand-still. Use this plus the burst of power from Blip to | gives some rudder and elevator authority even at near stand-still. Use this plus the burst of power from Blip to | ||
help maneuver and taxi over bumps. Don't forget 'n' for nudge when you get stuck. | help maneuver and taxi over bumps. | ||
Don't forget 'n' for nudge when you get stuck. | |||
STALL: Push forward firmly on the stick, gain airspeed. Vigorously oppose any spin (rudder and ailerons). It may help to blip | STALL: Push forward firmly on the stick, gain airspeed. Vigorously oppose any spin (rudder and ailerons). It may help to blip | ||
engine off, reducing torque and gyroscopic moment. You will lose ~500 ft altitude or more. | engine off, reducing torque and gyroscopic moment. You will lose ~500 ft altitude or more. | ||
TRIM: Real Camels had no trim mechanism and were tail heavy with full fuel - nose heavy with low fuel. | TRIM: Real Camels had no trim mechanism and were tail heavy with full fuel - nose heavy with low fuel. With full fuel, constant 10-20 lbs forward pressure on the stick was required to maintain level flight. | ||
Be aware of natural nose-up attitude and potential for inadvertent climb and stall whenever flying with full fuel! | |||
Extensive help, tips, documents in the DOCS folder. | Extensive help, tips, documents in the DOCS folder. | ||