Building FlightGear - Debian
HowTo build FlightGear 2.2.0 or bleeding edge development version, hereinafter simply called GIT, on GNU/Linux Debian Stable 6.x (Squeeze) and Testing (Wheezy).
Even on Debian Oldstable 5.x (Lenny) this guide will work for both, 2.2.0 and GIT. At least until one or more dependencies of the GIT version are changing or beeing added.
The meaning of this article is to be a short, checklist like, overview of the specific steps to compile FlightGear and components on Debian. For more detailed information please refer to the main article Building FlightGear on Linux.
If you don't want to make your hands dirty, have a look at Scripted Compilation on Linux Debian/Ubuntu.
Requirements and Preparations
You need an OpenGL capable graphics including a proper installed driver supporting direct rendering.
Also a bunch of packages (and some of their dependencies) are required:
- gcc, g++, make, automake, pkg-config
- mawk (or gawk)
- cmake (min. version 2.6.0-5)
- git, subversion, wget
- freeglut3-dev, libgl1-mesa-dev, libxrandr-dev
- libxi-dev, libxmu-dev, libxext-dev
- libopenal-dev (for Lenny see libopenal), libalut-dev
- libjpeg62-dev, libtiff4-dev, libpng12-dev
- libboost1.37-dev (min 1.37, 1.40 available for Lenny on backports.debian.org)
During installation packages simgear-dev and openscenegraph-dev must not be installed. They can safely be re-installed after compilation.
Build and install
Because we are going to install versions different to the ones in the repositories it is recommended to install FG-2.2.0 and/or GIT in a place independent to the base system such as /usr/local/FG-2.2.0, /opt/FG-2.2.0 or in a subdirectory of your $HOME. I suggest to make it writeable by the user that there is no need to become root for the make install
commands. I'll use $prefix
as a placeholder for this directory.
Another one will be $srcdir
, it stands for the absolute path to the directory which is supposed to keep the folders of the various source codes. So, in the following instructions, you have to replace these with the local paths or even export
them during the process.
export prefix=[path to install to] export srcdir=[path to sources]
Have in mind that the data is a relatively large download (GIT about 3.5 GB and 2.2.0 300 MB). So, to save some time, it is a good idea to fetch it while building the sources.
For some basic info on git commands for FlightGear users we have a git for dummies section.
libopenal
Lenny only! The libopenal-dev package in Lenny is too old for fgcom. For FlightGear it does work but not all features (like doppler) are available, so installing an up to date version is recommended anyway.
cd $srcdir wget http://kcat.strangesoft.net/openal-releases/openal-soft-1.11.753.tar.bz2 tar xjf openal-soft-1.11.753.tar.bz2 cd openal-soft-1.11.753/build cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" .. make install
plib
Latest SVN is recommended, yet package plib1.8.5-dev for Squeeze does work as well.
cd $srcdir svn co https://plib.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/plib/trunk plib cd plib sed s/PLIB_TINY_VERSION\ \ 5/PLIB_TINY_VERSION\ \ 6/ -i src/util/ul.h ./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix make install
OpenSceneGraph
ln -s lib $prefix/lib64 # 64bit OS' only, if lib64 does not exist cd $srcdir svn co http://www.openscenegraph.org/svn/osg/OpenSceneGraph/tags/OpenSceneGraph-2.9.10 OpenSceneGraph mkdir osg-build && cd osg-build cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="Release" \ -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" $srcdir/OpenSceneGraph make install
SimGear
2.2.0 and GIT:
cd $srcdir git clone git://gitorious.org/fg/simgear.git simgear cd simgear
2.2.0 only:
git checkout -b releases/2.2.0 origin/releases/2.2.0
2.2.0 and GIT:
./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix make install
FlightGear source
2.2.0 and GIT:
cd $srcdir git clone git://gitorious.org/fg/flightgear.git flightgear cd flightgear
2.2.0 only:
git checkout -b releases/2.2.0 origin/releases/2.2.0
2.2.0 and GIT:
./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix make install
FlightGear data
2.2.0 only: At the time of writing, 2.2.0 is not yet released, there is no tar archive for the data available. Test pilots for this release are advised to use the release/2.2.0 branch from git. The following URL for wget will be updated, if it is not working, as soon as 2.2.0 is released.
cd $prefix wget http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/flightgear/ftp/Shared/FlightGear-data-2.2.0.tar.bz2 tar xjf FlightGear-data-2.2.0.tar.bz2
GIT only:
For slow/unstable internet connections it is recommended to download the fgdata.bundle instead of cloning the data.
FlightGear's primary git server on gitorious is known to have trouble cloning the data, the mapserver's mirror usually has no problems:
cd $prefix git clone git://mapserver.flightgear.org/fgdata
Trial run
When all the builds are done and the data download has finished it is time for a test run:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$prefix/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH $prefix/bin/fgfs --fg-root=$prefix/fgdata
For the future, if you want to start FlightGear from command line have a look at fgfsrc, if you prefer a graphical user interface continue with compiling fgrun or check FGo!. Have in mind that fgfs
need to find our self compiled libraries and therefore we have to tell the linker (ld) where to find them. That is what the first line here does.
Optional Software
Feel free to add the commands to install other FlightGear related projects.
Atlas
cd $srcdir cvs -d:pserver:anonymous@atlas.cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/atlas login #CVS passwd: [Enter] cvs -z3 -d:pserver:anonymous@atlas.cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/atlas co Atlas cd Atlas sed s/get_gbs_center2/get_gbs_center/ -i src/Subbucket.cxx ./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix make install
fgcom
For fgcom unfortunately there is one more dependency which cannot be solved with packages on Lenny, see libopenal.
cd $srcdir svn co https://appfgcom.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/fgcom/trunk fgcom cd fgcom/src make INSTALL_BIN=$prefix/bin INSTALL_DIR=$prefix/fgcom \ PLIB_PREFIX=$prefix OPENAL_PREFIX=$prefix install
fgrun
To build fgrun one more package is required:
- libfltk1.1-dev
cd $srcdir svn co http://fgrun.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/fgrun/trunk fgrun cd fgrun/fgrun/ ./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix make install
TaxiDraw
To compile TaxiDraw we need to install some more packages:
- either libcurl4-gnutls-dev or libcurl4-openssl-dev for curl.h
- wx2.8-headers (at least, maybe even more than just that one. Please report!
su -c "aptitude install [libcurl4-gnutls-dev|libcurl4-openssl-dev]" cd $srcdir git clone git://mapserver.flightgear.org/taxidraw cd taxidraw ./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix make install
TerraGear
To resolve some of the dependencies of TerraGear the GIT sections of steps plib, OpenSceneGraph and SimGear have to be done first. Additionally some packages and their dependencies have to be installed:
- libgdal1-dev, gdal-bin
- libproj-dev, libogdi3.2-dev (probably even more, please report!)
Wheezy: As of June 2nd there is a bug (#617240) in package libmysqlclient16 which causes compilation to fail. If it is not fixed by the time you're building TerraGear, upgrade to the version from Sid.
cd $srcdir git clone git://mapserver.flightgear.org/terragear-cs
Two of the dependencies have to be installed manually (See README.gpc and README.newmat for details.):
# gpc install mkdir $srcdir/gpc232 && cd $srcdir/gpc232 wget ftp://ftp.cs.man.ac.uk/pub/toby/gpc/gpc232-release.zip unzip gpc232-release.zip sed s/DBL_EPSILON/0.000001/ -i gpc.h grep -A 18 '# Unix/Linux makefile' $srcdir/terragear-cs/README.gpc > Makefile sed "s|/usr/local/lib|$prefix/lib|" -i Makefile sed "s|/usr/local/include|$prefix/include|" -i Makefile make install # newmat install mkdir $srcdir/newmat11 && cd $srcdir/newmat11 wget http://www.robertnz.net/ftp/newmat11.tar.gz tar xzfv newmat11.tar.gz make -f nm_gnu.mak cp libnewmat.a $prefix/lib mkdir $prefix/include/newmat cp *.h $prefix/include/newmat
Finally TerraGear itself (See README for details.):
cd $srcdir/terragear-cs ./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix sed s/-O2// -i src/Lib/TriangleJRS/Makefile make install
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