User:Ac001/Takeoff: Difference between revisions
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{{Ac001-tutorial-navbar}} | {{Ac001-tutorial-navbar}} | ||
'''Work in progress''' | |||
==Take Off== | ==Take Off== | ||
The map below shows three classes of aircraft waiting to take off at EHAM Amsterdam. | The map below shows three classes of aircraft waiting to take off at EHAM Amsterdam. | ||
Line 22: | Line 25: | ||
** '''737''' | ** '''737''' | ||
*** This aircraft is heavy with passengers, cargo and fuel and needs some momentum, and therefore requires more stopping distance. | *** This aircraft is heavy with passengers, cargo and fuel and needs some momentum, and therefore requires more stopping distance. | ||
*** The aircraft is just within the "margins" of runway/takeoff | *** The aircraft is just within the "margins" of runway/takeoff parameters. | ||
*** The throttle would be set to TOGA ie max. | *** The throttle would be set to TOGA ie max. | ||
** '''Beechcraft''' | ** '''Beechcraft''' | ||
Line 35: | Line 38: | ||
Below are some notes on the 'real world' scenario, some of the problems and techniques to get familiar and is biased towards jet aircraft and airliners. | Below are some notes on the 'real world' scenario, some of the problems and techniques to get familiar and is biased towards jet aircraft and airliners. | ||
* Airliner | * Airliner | ||
** First the aircraft is aligned to the runway and positioned. | ** First the aircraft is aligned to the runway and positioned. Parking brakes on.. this is an effort.. then pre-take off checklists | ||
** Clearance = | ** Clearance = ATC has said clear for take off | ||
*** The | *** The engines are fired up to 10% with the brakes ON. this will give time to warm up the engine and pumps, air bubbles. | ||
*** The 25% period, where the jets are fired up more. Its | *** The 25% period, where the jets are fired up more. Its not full on yet to avoid blowouts caused by air bubbles with in jet.. | ||
*** There is | *** There is stabilized flow thought the engines and the aircraft is accelerating down the line... | ||
*** v1 is achieved.. meaning we can take off. | *** v1 is achieved.. meaning we can take off. | ||
*** v2 the point of having to take off is reached.. We can stop now. Before this point is a "rejected takeoff" | *** v2 the point of having to take off is reached.. We can stop now. Before this point is a "rejected takeoff" |
Latest revision as of 23:25, 12 June 2010
Flight College |
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Work in progress
Take Off
The map below shows three classes of aircraft waiting to take off at EHAM Amsterdam.
- Top left on 36L is a 737 Airliner (helijah)
- heavy aircraft for international 10 hr flight
- takeoff speed is 140 knots into headwind
- Bottom left on 06 is a Beechcraft twin prop (trennor)
- nimble small regional aircraft for 1 hour flight
- takeoff speed is 90 knots into a slight side wind
- Bottom right on 36R is Citation Bravo twin jet (ac001)
- small jet for euro hopping on 3 hour flight
- takeoff speed is 120 knots
Strategies
- Each pilot has calculated the speed required to actually take off based on aircraft performance, runway length, weight, air pressure and many, many other factors some featured more below.
- Each pilot has shortened the runway by a "safety margin" (yellow lines) that has been deducted from the runway length, a "gut feel" for headwind, alignment in fog, etc.
- The red dot indicates the point that the aircraft is at enough speed it can safely take off with ONLY one engine.
- The green dot is the point where the aircraft has to take off as there is not enough runway left to stop.
- The purple dot is the hypothetical point where the aircraft would safely stop and well within runway limits.
- 737
- This aircraft is heavy with passengers, cargo and fuel and needs some momentum, and therefore requires more stopping distance.
- The aircraft is just within the "margins" of runway/takeoff parameters.
- The throttle would be set to TOGA ie max.
- Beechcraft
- This aircraft is light and requires little runway to take off at a slow takeoff speed
- Throttle not full on as there is a lot of runway
- The aircraft could have entered the taxiway halfway down the runway, and still conducted the takeoff on a shorter runway.
- Bravo
- The lighter jet aircraft is taking advantage of the runway length.
- The plan is accelerate slower and take off further down the runway with a Flex Temp takeoff, saving fuel, engine wear and less noise.
- 737
General Info
Below are some notes on the 'real world' scenario, some of the problems and techniques to get familiar and is biased towards jet aircraft and airliners.
- Airliner
- First the aircraft is aligned to the runway and positioned. Parking brakes on.. this is an effort.. then pre-take off checklists
- Clearance = ATC has said clear for take off
- The engines are fired up to 10% with the brakes ON. this will give time to warm up the engine and pumps, air bubbles.
- The 25% period, where the jets are fired up more. Its not full on yet to avoid blowouts caused by air bubbles with in jet..
- There is stabilized flow thought the engines and the aircraft is accelerating down the line...
- v1 is achieved.. meaning we can take off.
- v2 the point of having to take off is reached.. We can stop now. Before this point is a "rejected takeoff"