Building FlightGear - Debian
HowTo build FlightGear 2.10.0 or bleeding edge development version, hereinafter simply called GIT, on GNU/Linux Debian Stable/Squeeze. Users of Oldstable, Testing/Wheezy or Unstable at least have to change package names (version numbering) accordingly.
The meaning of this article is to be a short, checklist like, overview of the specific steps to compile FlightGear and components on Debian. For more detailed information please refer to the main article Building FlightGear on Linux.
If you don't want to get your hands dirty, have a look at Scripted Compilation on Linux Debian/Ubuntu.
For beginners with compiling it is highly recommended to follow this guide step by step. Any modification to most of the here used commands may cause trouble.
Requirements and Preparations
A bunch of packages (as well as some of their dependencies) are required to compile FlightGear:
- Tools
su -c "apt-get install automake cmake g++ gcc git make subversion"
- Additionally install "fluid" if you intend to use fgadmin.
- Dependencies
Command for Squeeze, users of other releases are advised to check package versions:
su -c "apt-get install \ freeglut3-dev libboost-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libgtkglext1-dev \ libjpeg62-dev libopenal-dev librsvg2-dev libsvn-dev \ libxml2-dev libxrandr-dev"
- If you prefer you might replace "libcurl4-openssl-dev" by "libcurl4-gnutls-dev".
- If "libjpeg62-dev" breaks package dependencies, just install one of the other versions' -dev.
- Add "libudev-dev" if you need FG's feature
-D EVENT_INPUT=ON
. - During installation development packages of libraries which are going to be compiled must not be installed. They can safely be re-installed after compilation. Namely here these might be "libplib-dev", "libfltk1.1-dev", "libopenscenegraph-dev" and "simgear-dev".
Build and install
Because we are going to install versions different to the ones in the Debian repositories, it is recommended to install FlightGear in a place independent of the base system, such as /usr/local/FG-2.10.0
or $HOME/FG-2.10.0
. This way also has the advantage of easily managing several FlightGear versions, even with different versions of OpenSceneGraph and/or plib, simply by altering the installation prefix. I suggest to make this directory writeable by the user so there is no need to become root for the make -j2 install
commands. We'll use $prefix
as a placeholder for this directory.
Another placeholder will be $srcdir
, it stands for the absolute path to the directory which is supposed to keep the folders of the various source codes. So, in the instructions below, you have to replace these with the local paths or even export
them (in every terminal you're using them) for the process:
export prefix=$HOME/FG-2.10.0 && mkdir $prefix export srcdir=$HOME/src && mkdir $srcdir
Have in mind that the data is a relatively large download (GIT about 5 GB and 2.10.0 650 MB). So, to save some time, it is a good idea to fetch it while building the sources.
For some basic info on git commands for FlightGear users we have a git for dummies section.
To have a build with debugging symbols add -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="RelWithDebInfo"
to SimGear's and FlightGear's cmake options.
libfltk
FLTK only is required for fgadmin, which is content with libfltk-1.1, and fgrun, which minimum is libfltk-1.3.
Wheezy: Just install package "libfltk1.3-dev" if you're planning to use either of them.
Squeeze: For fgadmin just install package "libfltk1.1-dev". To compile fgrun, too, build and install FLTK-1.3 instead:
cd $srcdir wget http://ftp.easysw.com/pub/fltk/1.3.2/fltk-1.3.2-source.tar.gz tar xzf fltk-1.3.2-source.tar.gz cd fltk-1.3.2 ./configure --enable-shared --prefix=$prefix make -j2 install
plib
2.10.0 and GIT: Latest SVN is required.
cd $srcdir svn co https://plib.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/plib/trunk plib cd plib sed s/PLIB_TINY_VERSION\ \ 5/PLIB_TINY_VERSION\ \ 6/ -i src/util/ul.h ./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix make -j2 install
OpenSceneGraph
For 2.10.0 on Wheezy skip that step and install package "libopenscenegraph-dev" instead.
GIT users, especially developers, most likely want to use the latest DeveloperRelease or even bleeding edge code here.
2.10.0 and GIT:
cd $srcdir svn co http://www.openscenegraph.org/svn/osg/OpenSceneGraph/tags/OpenSceneGraph-3.1.1 OpenSceneGraph mkdir build-osg; cd build-osg cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="Release" -DLIB_POSTFIX="" \ -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" $srcdir/OpenSceneGraph make -j2 install
SimGear
2.10.0 and GIT:
cd $srcdir git clone git://mapserver.flightgear.org/simgear
2.10.0 only:
cd simgear git checkout -b 2.10.0 origin/release/2.10.0
2.10.0 and GIT:
mkdir $srcdir/build-sg; cd $srcdir/build-sg cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" $srcdir/simgear make -j2 install
FlightGear source
2.10.0 and GIT:
cd $srcdir git clone git://mapserver.flightgear.org/flightgear
2.10.0 only:
cd flightgear git checkout -b 2.10.0 origin/release/2.10.0
2.10.0 and GIT:
mkdir $srcdir/build-fg; cd $srcdir/build-fg cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" $srcdir/flightgear make -j2 install
FlightGear data
2.10.0 only: Please have a look at the mirror list for a server close to your location.
cd $prefix wget http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/flightgear/ftp/Shared/FlightGear-data-2.10.0.tar.bz2 tar xjf FlightGear-data-2.10.0.tar.bz2
GIT only:
For slow/unstable internet connections it is recommended to download the fgdata.bundle instead of cloning the data.
cd $prefix git clone git://mapserver.flightgear.org/fgdata data
Trial run and finishing process
When all the builds are done and the data download has finished it is time for a test run:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$prefix/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH $prefix/bin/fgfs --fg-root=$prefix/data
- The
fgfs
binary needs to find our self compiled libraries at runtime and therefore we have to tell the linker (ld) where to find them. That is what the first line here does. You might want to add this line to your$HOME/.bashrc
to have this as a persistent setting (may cause problems, if one has installed more than one version of FlightGear!). - Have in mind, the
$prefix
and$srcdir
variables are available for this session only. For future use of these lines, replace them by the real paths.
To avoid the need to give the path to the fgfs
command each time, you might consider to create a symlink at a place that is listed in $PATH:
ln -s $prefix/bin/fgfs $HOME/bin/fgfs
For the future, if you want to start FlightGear from command line have a look at fgfsrc, if you prefer a graphical user interface continue with compiling fgrun.
Optional Software
Some of the below instructions possibly are not up to date. Please feel free to revise them.
Feel free to add the commands to install other FlightGear related projects.
Atlas
One more Package has to be installed: "libglew1.5-dev"
cd $srcdir git clone http://mapserver.flightgear.org/git/atlas cd atlas ./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix --with-fgbase=$prefix/data make -j2 install cp -R $srcdir/atlas/src/data/* $prefix/data/Atlas
$prefix/bin/Atlas
fgcom
For fgcom install package "libasound2-dev".
cd $srcdir svn co https://appfgcom.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/fgcom/trunk fgcom cd fgcom/src make -j2 install_BIN=$prefix/bin INSTALL_DIR=$prefix/fgcom \ PLIB_PREFIX=$prefix [OPENAL_PREFIX=$prefix] install
Create an .alsoftrc file as shown in FGCOM Testing.
fgrun
To build fgrun libfltk1.3 is required, see libfltk above.
2.10.0 and GIT:
cd $srcdir git clone git://gitorious.org/fg/fgrun.git
2.10.0 only:
cd fgrun git checkout -b 1.7.0 origin/release/1.7.0
2.10.0 and GIT:
mkdir $srcdir/build-fgrun; cd $srcdir/build-fgrun cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" $srcdir/fgrun make -j2 install
2.10.0 and GIT:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$prefix/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH $prefix/bin/fgrun
TaxiDraw
Obsolete for airport creation, use WorldEditor instead. It is still useful for working on ground networks.
To compile TaxiDraw we need to install some more packages:
- either "libcurl4-gnutls-dev" or "libcurl4-openssl-dev" for curl.h
- "wx2.8-headers" (at least, maybe even more than just that one. Please report!
su -c "aptitude install [libcurl4-gnutls-dev|libcurl4-openssl-dev]" cd $srcdir git clone git://mapserver.flightgear.org/taxidraw cd taxidraw ./autogen.sh ./configure --prefix=$prefix make -j2 install
TerraGear
Automatic Installation
link If you are familiar with "download_and_compile.sh" script from Brisa you can donwload this script: http://clemaez.fr/flightgear/terragear_download_and_compile.sh This script is similar to Brisa's one (only usable for Debian/Mint/Ubuntu). This script installs TerraGear (latest version) and terragear-gui.
- How to use it?
sh terragear_download_and_compile.sh -j 2 ALL
- Need some help?
Look at forum topics : http://www.flightgear.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=14849
After success installation you can exectute this command line in the terragear/bin directory in order to display every --help for each binary files:
cd terragear/bin && for i in `ls`; do echo ""; echo "################# "$i" ##############"; ./$i --help; done
Basic Installation
To resolve some of the dependencies of TerraGear the GIT sections of steps plib, OpenSceneGraph and SimGear have to be done first. Additionally some packages and their dependencies have to be installed:
su -c "apt-get install \ libgdal-dev libtiff4-dev libboost-signals-dev libboost-system-dev libboost-thread-dev"
Squeeze users have to compile the CGAL dependency. On Wheezy just install package "libcgal-dev" instead.
cd $srcdir wget https://gforge.inria.fr/frs/download.php/31174/CGAL-4.0.2.tar.bz2 tar xjf CGAL-4.0.2.tar.bz2 mkdir $srcdir/build-cgal; cd $srcdir/build-cgal cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" $srcdir/CGAL-4.0.2 make -j2 install
Compile TerraGear:
cd $srcdir git clone git://git.gitorious.org/fg/terragear.git mkdir $srcdir/build-tg; cd $srcdir/build-tg cmake -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" $srcdir/terragear make -j2 install
WorldEditor (WED)
Because this is the same for all Linux distributions the instructions are not listed here separately. Please refer to our lead WED article.
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