Boeing 777-200 Tutorial/KSFO-KLAX: Difference between revisions

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Boeing 777-200 Tutorial/KSFO-KLAX (view source)

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== What you need to know ==
== What you need to know ==
[[Image:Vwiki123.jpg|thumb|320px]]  
[[File:Vwiki123.jpg|thumb|320px]]  


The Automatic Direction Finder uses a transmitter and aerial on the ground , an NDB (Non Directional Beacon) that allows the ADF instrument to point to the aerial that is tuned at a specified frequency . So, no matter what direction you are travelling in , the main part of the needle points to the Actual Radio Aerial Position .
The Automatic Direction Finder uses a transmitter and aerial on the ground , an NDB (Non Directional Beacon) that allows the ADF instrument to point to the aerial that is tuned at a specified frequency . So, no matter what direction you are travelling in , the main part of the needle points to the Actual Radio Aerial Position .




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If you have the needle is pointing at twelve o' clock or straight forward , toward your selected VOR ( vor = Vhf (very high frequency) Omnidirectional Range-finder )you can press F12 and enter your current heading plus or minus 180, in the '''Radial Box Input''' on the Nav 1 line .
If you have the needle is pointing at twelve o' clock or straight forward , toward your selected VOR ( vor = Vhf (very high frequency) Omnidirectional Range-finder )you can press F12 and enter your current heading plus or minus 180, in the '''Radial Box Input''' on the Nav 1 line .
You can also plot a '''Radial''' using a Sectional , En-Route or Terminal Area Chart (TAC).
You can also plot a '''Radial''' using a Sectional , En-Route or Terminal Area Chart (TAC).


The current setting in that input box should read 280 , change that to the heading you are on when the needle is pointing forward '''ie 12 O' Clock ''' plus or minus 180 degrees .
The current setting in that input box should read 280 , change that to the heading you are on when the needle is pointing forward '''ie 12 O' Clock ''' plus or minus 180 degrees .
'''Again ! A radial is the direction in degrees '''''FROM''''' the actual VOR antenna or if you prefer , Aerial Mast .
'''Again ! A radial is the direction in degrees '''''FROM''''' the actual VOR antenna or if you prefer , Aerial Mast .  




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'''All of these instruments are combined in the left screen of the 777-200ER '''
'''All of these instruments are combined in the left screen of the 777-200ER '''  


'''Note headings work in 360 degrees   0/360 is always North'''  
'''Note headings work in 360 degrees 0/360 is always North'''  
'''90 east 180 South   180 East 270 West'''
'''90 east 180 South 180 East 270 West'''
'''so adding 180 degrees to your salinas heading'''  
'''so adding 180 degrees to your salinas heading'''  
'''which sould be 140 will give a RADIAL of 320 no matter wheather you add or'''  
'''which sould be 140 will give a RADIAL of 320 no matter wheather you add or'''  
'''subtract , in the Radio Comms dialog enter the heading plus or minus 180'''  
'''subtract , in the Radio Comms dialog enter the heading plus or minus 180'''  
'''deg. for your RADIAL'''
'''deg. for your RADIAL'''


==Messing with George, the autopilot==
== Messing with George, the autopilot ==
'''We are doing this to set the OBS LIne'''
'''We are doing this to set the OBS LIne'''
'''which is set as "heading Bug" in F11 autopilot popup menu'''  
'''which is set as "heading Bug" in F11 autopilot popup menu'''  
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'''Press Close '''
'''Press Close '''


===Autopilot Basics===
=== Autopilot Basics ===
Head out and get onto , your desired course , turn the inner part of the HDG dial to that
Head out and get onto , your desired course , turn the inner part of the HDG dial to that
course , the outer part of the dial sets the maximum bank angle and is not vital to use at this stage. Once you have set the dial to your desired course click the heading button
course , the outer part of the dial sets the maximum bank angle and is not vital to use at this stage. Once you have set the dial to your desired course click the heading button
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or negative rates of climb .Note even if you set the VS dail to zero BEFORE your click VS button
or negative rates of climb .Note even if you set the VS dail to zero BEFORE your click VS button
it will still use your current climb or decent rate when you activate it , so be ready
it will still use your current climb or decent rate when you activate it , so be ready
to scrable to set it to zero when you click it , and if you try to use VS make sure you are flying reasonably level , it has caught me a few times , you can change your heading and climb /decent rate while the buttons are engaged which is an ablity that makes it possible to tweak your flight . At this stage it is preferable to operate the throttle manually although
to scrable to set it to zero when you click it , and if you try to use VS make sure you are flying reasonably level , it has caught me a few times , you can change your heading and climb /decent rate while the buttons are engaged which is an ablity that makes it possible to tweak your flight . At this stage it is preferable to operate the throttle manually although
you can experiment whith the SPD controlls remember that using VS (vertical speed) will require
you can experiment whith the SPD controlls remember that using VS (vertical speed) will require
you to watch the throttle setting and airspeed '''VERY CAREFULLY!''' Again VS does not set the throttle so using the VS feature will require you to add or subtract throttle as required
you to watch the throttle setting and airspeed '''VERY CAREFULLY!''' Again VS does not set the throttle so using the VS feature will require you to add or subtract throttle as required
to maintain the desired airspeed !
to maintain the desired airspeed !


==Using the Auto Pilot for the first time==
== Using the Auto Pilot for the first time ==
Assuming you are in the air and at above 3000ft get the 777 roughly on course and to cruise speed
Assuming you are in the air and at above 3000ft get the 777 roughly on course and to cruise speed
,now set the heading dial on the Autopilot to your heading (the inside part of the dial) of say 150
,now set the heading dial on the Autopilot to your heading (the inside part of the dial) of say 150
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to more fully understand the Auto pilot''' There are many things you need to know.
to more fully understand the Auto pilot''' There are many things you need to know.


==Salinas nav1 117.3==
== Salinas nav1 117.3 ==


Pick a runway at KSFO (San Francisco intnl.) use 28 R (right) . Get off the ground and turn on heading of 150 degrees .Now set nav1 to Salinas(117.3) DME about 65 naughts away and steer the 777 toward the needle ( if the needle deviates from the 12'o clock position ) you steer toward or into the needle ,it will begin to move back toward 12'0 clock . Doing this frequently is called bird dogging (or bracketing) and should be avoided.
Pick a runway at KSFO (San Francisco intnl.) use 28 R (right) . Get off the ground and turn on heading of 150 degrees .Now set nav1 to Salinas(117.3) DME about 65 naughts away and steer the 777 toward the needle ( if the needle deviates from the 12'o clock position ) you steer toward or into the needle ,it will begin to move back toward 12'0 clock . Doing this frequently is called bird dogging (or bracketing) and should be avoided.




==Paso Robales 114.3==
== Paso Robales 114.3 ==


Lets now set Nav 2 (be sure to switch both nav toggle switches on on the panel and set nav 2 to 114.3 , when you are approx 20 -30 dme away from salinas steer onto the nav 2 needle to 12'o clock ie pointing straight ahead and set nav 1 to our next beacon , make sure you remember which needle is for nav1 and which is for nav 2 , Nav Two is the   " Double Bladed One "
Lets now set Nav 2 (be sure to switch both nav toggle switches on on the panel and set nav 2 to 114.3 , when you are approx 20 -30 dme away from salinas steer onto the nav 2 needle to 12'o clock ie pointing straight ahead and set nav 1 to our next beacon , make sure you remember which needle is for nav1 and which is for nav 2 , Nav Two is the " Double Bladed One "


==San Marcus 114.9==
== San Marcus 114.9 ==
[[Image:Ox.jpg|thumb|200px|This shows the san Marcus and Oxnard VOR sites]]
[[File:Ox.jpg|thumb|200px|This shows the san Marcus and Oxnard VOR sites]]


Using the same strategy to avoid to much bird dogging ((chasing the needle),
Using the same strategy to avoid to much bird dogging ((chasing the needle),
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,once on route to San Marcus immediatly switch nav 2 to Oxnard and use the same procedure.
,once on route to San Marcus immediatly switch nav 2 to Oxnard and use the same procedure.


==Santa Monica 110.8 Coming Down ==
== Santa Monica 110.8 Coming Down ==




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Klax is close stay 4-5 DME out to sea , and descend to 2500 ft
Klax is close stay 4-5 DME out to sea , and descend to 2500 ft
[http://vaeronix.000space.com/6L.html '''The Runway Localiser(ILS)... and Inner and Outer marker Information''']  
[http://vaeronix.000space.com/6L.html '''The Runway Localiser(ILS)... and Inner and Outer marker Information''']  
=Your first all instrument approach to KLAX=
= Your first all instrument approach to KLAX =
[[Image:Lax.jpg|thumb|200px|This is the Air chart showing The airport]]
[[File:Lax.jpg|thumb|200px|This is the Air chart showing The airport]]
Your first all instrument approach will be to runway 6 L ,which is the 2ND of 4 main runways as seen from left to right in your current approach . ILS (Instrument Landing System . which is a special type of radio beacon for landing ) or 'Localiser' Now set nav 1 to 108.5(the localiser beacon) set nav 2 to KLAX VOR 113.6 (note you must be under 2500ft for the vertical guidance or '''Glide slope''' portion to '''Intercept''' it's signal so ,lining your approach up to set up the ILS is vital. (We will tackle this in our next flight from Boston to New York)The localiser gives you traditional VOR guidance from up to 20 DME away and vertical "glideslope Guidance" 4-5 DME and under 2500ft directly in front of the runway .(note the vor CDI green needle will not point to the correct heading
Your first all instrument approach will be to runway 6 L ,which is the 2ND of 4 main runways as seen from left to right in your current approach . ILS (Instrument Landing System . which is a special type of radio beacon for landing ) or 'Localiser' Now set nav 1 to 108.5(the localiser beacon) set nav 2 to KLAX VOR 113.6 (note you must be under 2500ft for the vertical guidance or '''Glide slope''' portion to '''Intercept''' it's signal so ,lining your approach up to set up the ILS is vital. (We will tackle this in our next flight from Boston to New York)The localiser gives you traditional VOR guidance from up to 20 DME away and vertical "glideslope Guidance" 4-5 DME and under 2500ft directly in front of the runway .(note the vor CDI green needle will not point to the correct heading
of your runway when close by or on approach as it it not situated on the runway , establish the exact magnetic and true headings for you runway and set your heading bug in the F11 autopilot menu , you can obtain all the information you need from airnav.com)
of your runway when close by or on approach as it it not situated on the runway , establish the exact magnetic and true headings for you runway and set your heading bug in the F11 autopilot menu , you can obtain all the information you need from airnav.com)
I have also included the headings you need in the next section.  
I have also included the headings you need in the next section.  


Set nav1 to the localiser for runway 6 L (left) (that the 2nd leftmost runway visable from out at sea maintaining your heading untill the needle is at 10 o' clock
Set nav1 to the localiser for runway 6 L (left) (that the 2nd leftmost runway visable from out at sea maintaining your heading untill the needle is at 10 o' clock
(ie pointing left ) now turn the aircraft into the needle so it point forward or upright again... you should be on a heading of approx. 69 degrees magnetic degrees  
(ie pointing left ) now turn the aircraft into the needle so it point forward or upright again... you should be on a heading of approx. 69 degrees magnetic degrees  
you need to be on this heading as it is the EXACT direction of the runway
you need to be on this heading as it is the EXACT direction of the runway
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markers on the map ...that are created , by you , or others to designate course
markers on the map ...that are created , by you , or others to designate course
arrival points , using a GPS systenm and charts , or using radial "crosschecks" to  
arrival points , using a GPS systenm and charts , or using radial "crosschecks" to  
'''FIX''' a point in space that you should fly AT . The last of these is the exact point at which the 777 should be on 69 degrees magnetic (ie you compass heading) Magnetic headings also , vary an Isogonic Variation Chart must also be plotted if flying only by compass.
'''FIX''' a point in space that you should fly AT . The last of these is the exact point at which the 777 should be on 69 degrees magnetic (ie you compass heading) Magnetic headings also , vary an Isogonic Variation Chart must also be plotted if flying only by compass.
Pilots mostly use Pre-Planned Routes and GPS systems . Navigation is changing with technology , but using radio systems , VOR Beacons and the like , to navigate , is required knolledge for the '''real 777 Jockey !''  
Pilots mostly use Pre-Planned Routes and GPS systems . Navigation is changing with technology , but using radio systems , VOR Beacons and the like , to navigate , is required knolledge for the '''real 777 Jockey !''  


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the other(verical white ticks on the right of the left screen) for pitch or "glideslope" these scales and thier markers should always be '''Dead Center''' , if they are you are bang on line for your runway , this only happens if you are in the radio '''CONE''' between 3 and 10 degrees
the other(verical white ticks on the right of the left screen) for pitch or "glideslope" these scales and thier markers should always be '''Dead Center''' , if they are you are bang on line for your runway , this only happens if you are in the radio '''CONE''' between 3 and 10 degrees
of your heading and glide slope information only occurs at '''UNDER 2500 ft'''
of your heading and glide slope information only occurs at '''UNDER 2500 ft'''
practise makes perfect .
practise makes perfect .
In real life an IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) landing will require SID , TAC , RUNWAY , SECTIONAL , EN ROUTE , Approach Plates and NOTAMS Notices to Airman) that the pilot must obtain . You can obtain most of these free on the Web .
In real life an IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) landing will require SID , TAC , RUNWAY , SECTIONAL , EN ROUTE , Approach Plates and NOTAMS Notices to Airman) that the pilot must obtain . You can obtain most of these free on the Web .  


NEVER do an instrument approach with the nose of the 777 pointing down more than 3-5 degrees or you may crash ! Your decent and heading into any runway must be carefully planned ! The weather ALWAYS PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE !  
NEVER do an instrument approach with the nose of the 777 pointing down more than 3-5 degrees or you may crash ! Your decent and heading into any runway must be carefully planned ! The weather ALWAYS PLAYS A CRUCIAL ROLE !  
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In this case of Two Parallel Runways. KLAX has 4 ...long , almost parallel ,  
In this case of Two Parallel Runways. KLAX has 4 ...long , almost parallel ,  


Runways...marked 6 -24 ( L or R ) and 7-25   ( Left or Right )
Runways...marked 6 -24 ( L or R ) and 7-25 ( Left or Right )
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