FlightGear wiki - User contributions [en]

File:F-4 cockpit.jpg

2016-06-21T02:49:16Z

Daveculp: /* {{int:license-header}} */

=={{int:filedesc}}==
{{Information
|description={{en|1=F-4 cockpit instruments and switches}}
|date=2016-06-20
|source={{own}}
|author=[[User:Daveculp|Daveculp]]
|permission=
|other versions=
}}

=={{int:license-header}}==
{{self|cc-by-nc-sa-4.0}}

[[Category:Wiki images]]

McDonnell F-4 Phantom II

2016-06-21T02:46:16Z

Daveculp: /* Aircraft help */

{{:{{PAGENAME}}/info}}
The '''F-4 Phantom II''' (McDonnell, then McDonnell Douglas after 1967) is a tandem two-seat, twin-engined, all-weather, long-range supersonic jet interceptor [[:Category:Military aircraft|fighter]]/fighter-bomber originally developed for the U.S. Navy by [[:Category:McDonnell_Douglas|McDonnell Aircraft]].

Before 1962 it used the Navy designation '''F4H'''.

== Aircraft help ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Key
!Function
!Notes
|-
|l
|Launch-bar-engage
|For carrier-based variants only
|-
|C
|Fire catapult
|For carrier-based variants only
|-
|n
|Toggle tailhook
|For all variants
|-
|f
|Toggle refueling probe
|Refueling receptacle door on USAF and related variants.
|-
|m
|Nose wheel steering
|Hold this key down to get full steering range via rudder
|-
|Q
|Toggle fuel cutoff switch
|For selected engine(s)
|-
|R
|Toggle reverse thrust
|To facilitate parking on carrier deck
|-
|d
|Deploy dragchute
|Maximum speed is 210 knots
|-
|j
|Jettison dragchute
|
|-
|F
|Toggle wing fold
|For Navy variants
|-
|e
|Release selected stores
|
|-
|c
|Toggle canopy
|Pilot (forward) canopy only
|}

'''Startup:'''

The model is set to initialize on the ground with engines running, parking brake on, flaps up, canopy closed.

'''Configuring for takeoff:'''

Set flaps to full, release parking brake (runway launch) or engage launch bar (carrier launch).
Note: for light weight takeoff use flaps half.

'''Takeoff:'''

Full throttle. For carrier launch activate catapult. For runway launch rotate at 150 knots.
When airborne raise gear and set flaps to half. At 200 knots set flaps up.

'''Climb:'''

To save fuel, come out of afterburner at 350 knots. Climb at 400 knots then 0.9 Mach.

'''Descent:'''

Idle power, speedbrakes as necessary.

'''Configuring for landing:'''

Gear and flaps down below 250 knots. Retract speedbrakes. Hook down for arrested landing.

'''Final approach:'''

AOA on speed (about 140-150 knots). RPM about 85%. Descent rate about 700 fpm.

'''Field landing:'''

Throttle idle. Deploy drag chute. Brakes as required. Release drag chute when clear of runway.

'''Deck landing:'''

When stopped: Raise hook, fold wings, open canopy, raise flaps, follow marshaller's signals.

[[File:F-4 cockpit.jpg|thumb|F-4 cockpit instruments and switches]]

== External links ==
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F4_Phantom

{{MDouglas}}

File:F-4 cockpit.jpg

2016-06-21T02:44:36Z

Daveculp: User created page with UploadWizard

McDonnell F-4 Phantom II

2016-06-14T18:16:41Z

Daveculp: /* Aircraft help */

{{:{{PAGENAME}}/info}}
The '''F-4 Phantom II''' (McDonnell, then McDonnell Douglas after 1967) is a tandem two-seat, twin-engined, all-weather, long-range supersonic jet interceptor [[:Category:Military aircraft|fighter]]/fighter-bomber originally developed for the U.S. Navy by [[:Category:McDonnell_Douglas|McDonnell Aircraft]].

Before 1962 it used the Navy designation '''F4H'''.

== Aircraft help ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Key
!Function
!Notes
|-
|l
|Launch-bar-engage
|For carrier-based variants only
|-
|C
|Fire catapult
|For carrier-based variants only
|-
|n
|Toggle tailhook
|For all variants
|-
|f
|Toggle refueling probe
|Refueling receptacle door on USAF and related variants.
|-
|m
|Nose wheel steering
|Hold this key down to get full steering range via rudder
|-
|Q
|Toggle fuel cutoff switch
|For selected engine(s)
|-
|R
|Toggle reverse thrust
|To facilitate parking on carrier deck
|-
|d
|Deploy dragchute
|Maximum speed is 210 knots
|-
|j
|Jettison dragchute
|
|-
|F
|Toggle wing fold
|For Navy variants
|-
|e
|Release selected stores
|
|-
|c
|Toggle canopy
|Pilot (forward) canopy only
|}

'''Startup:'''

The model is set to initialize on the ground with engines running, parking brake on, flaps up, canopy closed.

'''Configuring for takeoff:'''

Set flaps to full, release parking brake (runway launch) or engage launch bar (carrier launch).
Note: for light weight takeoff use flaps half.

'''Takeoff:'''

Full throttle. For carrier launch activate catapult. For runway launch rotate at 150 knots.
When airborne raise gear and set flaps to half. At 200 knots set flaps up.

'''Climb:'''

To save fuel, come out of afterburner at 350 knots. Climb at 400 knots then 0.9 Mach.

'''Descent:'''

Idle power, speedbrakes as necessary.

'''Configuring for landing:'''

Gear and flaps down below 250 knots. Retract speedbrakes. Hook down for arrested landing.

'''Final approach:'''

AOA on speed (about 140-150 knots). RPM about 85%. Descent rate about 700 fpm.

'''Field landing:'''

Throttle idle. Deploy drag chute. Brakes as required. Release drag chute when clear of runway.

'''Deck landing:'''

When stopped: Raise hook, fold wings, open canopy, raise flaps, follow marshaller's signals.

== External links ==
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F4_Phantom

{{MDouglas}}

McDonnell F-4 Phantom II

2016-06-14T18:14:04Z

Daveculp: /* Aircraft help */

{{:{{PAGENAME}}/info}}
The '''F-4 Phantom II''' (McDonnell, then McDonnell Douglas after 1967) is a tandem two-seat, twin-engined, all-weather, long-range supersonic jet interceptor [[:Category:Military aircraft|fighter]]/fighter-bomber originally developed for the U.S. Navy by [[:Category:McDonnell_Douglas|McDonnell Aircraft]].

Before 1962 it used the Navy designation '''F4H'''.

== Aircraft help ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Key
!Function
!Notes
|-
|l
|Launch-bar-engage
|For carrier-based variants only
|-
|C
|Fire catapult
|For carrier-based variants only
|-
|n
|Toggle tailhook
|For all variants
|-
|f
|Toggle refueling probe
|Refueling receptacle door on USAF and related variants.
|-
|m
|Nose wheel steering
|Hold this key down to get full steering range via rudder
|-
|Q
|Toggle fuel cutoff switch
|For selected engine(s)
|-
|R
|Toggle reverse thrust
|To facilitate parking on carrier deck
|-
|d
|Deploy dragchute
|Maximum speed is 210 knots
|-
|j
|Jettison dragchute
|
|-
|F
|Toggle wing fold
|For Navy variants
|-
|e
|Release selected stores
|
|-
|c
|Toggle canopy
|Pilot (forward) canopy only
|}

'''Startup:'''

The model is set to initialize on the ground with engines running, parking brake on, flaps up, canopy closed.

'''Configuring for takeoff:'''

Set flaps to full, release parking brake (runway launch) or engage launch bar (carrier launch).

'''Takeoff:'''

Full throttle. For carrier launch activate catapult. For runway launch rotate at 150 knots.
When airborne raise gear and set flaps to half. At 200 knots set flaps up.

'''Climb:'''

To save fuel, come out of afterburner at 350 knots. Climb at 400 knots then 0.9 Mach.

'''Descent:'''

Idle power, speedbrakes as necessary.

'''Configuring for landing:'''

Gear and flaps down below 250 knots. Retract speedbrakes. Hook down for arrested landing.

'''Final approach:'''

AOA on speed (about 140-150 knots). RPM about 85%. Descent rate about 700 fpm.

'''Field landing:'''

Throttle idle. Deploy drag chute. Brakes as required. Release drag chute when clear of runway.

'''Deck landing:'''

When stopped: Raise hook, fold wings, open canopy, raise flaps, follow marshaller's signals.

== External links ==
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F4_Phantom

{{MDouglas}}

McDonnell F-4 Phantom II

2016-06-14T17:00:40Z

Daveculp: /* Aircraft help */

McDonnell F-4 Phantom II

2016-06-14T16:50:37Z

Daveculp: /* Aircraft help */

FlightGear hangars

2016-05-20T00:28:34Z

Daveculp: New URL for Dave's Hangar

{{cleanup}}

: ''For other content than aircraft and liveries, see [[Links]]''

FlightGear has [[aircraft]] and other content available from 3rd-party hangars, some which are GPL compatible and also included in official distributions while others are independent. Aircraft versions range from requiring a developmental build, to being compatible with the latest primary release, to requiring an older version.

Be careful with external links!

== Background ==
It is completely up to the original content author to decide how they wish to license their original work. GPL is just one option. Many people seem to prefer one of the variants of the creative commons license these days. If you are modifying someone else's original work, or incorporating portions of their work into your own work, then you must be respectful of the original author's license terms. If you wish to protect your work from being copied or modified (yet somehow still distribute it to users), FlightGear does not have the infrastructure built up to assist with that. Fgaddon is simply a resource offered to aircraft designers. It is a common area to share and collaborate for aircraft development. Historically it has also been the source of FlightGear aircraft that are included in the official distribution. Because fgaddon is closely tied to the main project, we do our best to ensure everything there is licensed with a gpl compatible license so we can safely distribute all those aircraft. We also do our best to ensure that fgaddon aircraft track upstream code changes in the flightgear program so that incompatibilities are not introduced. As others have said, the intention of FlightGear and our evolving infrastructure is to support and encourage 3rd party hangars, and we have no problem if developers want to use other resources to manage and distribute their original aircraft. It is especially important to maintain separation of content with gpl-incompatible licensing.<ref>{{cite web
|url = https://sourceforge.net/p/flightgear/mailman/message/35077118/
|title = <nowiki> Re: [Flightgear-devel] can i distribute my airplane as a shared
library, and what legislation issues would that ensue? </nowiki>
|author = <nowiki> Curtis Olson </nowiki>
|date = May 10th, 2016
|added = May 10th, 2016
|script_version = 0.39
}}</ref>

We have support for catalogs and external hangars for precisely this reason. We obviously want to encourage GPL aircraft, but not every aircraft developer wishes, or is able to, release their work under the GPL. FlightGear both respects and supports that option. <ref>{{cite web
|url = https://sourceforge.net/p/flightgear/mailman/message/35076199/
|title = <nowiki> Re: [Flightgear-devel] botom line: if i don't my aircraft to be
subject to GPL FGAddon clauses </nowiki>
|author = <nowiki> Stuart Buchanan </nowiki>
|date = May 10th, 2016
|added = May 10th, 2016
|script_version = 0.39
}}</ref>

please do ask about setting up your own hangar with whatever license you like. One of the major goals is to give a better end-user experience for different sources of aircraft.<ref>{{cite web
|url = https://sourceforge.net/p/flightgear/mailman/message/35077834/
|title = <nowiki> Re: [Flightgear-devel] botom line: if i don't my aircraft to be
subject to GPL FGAddon clauses </nowiki>
|author = <nowiki> James Turner </nowiki>
|date = May 10th, 2016
|added = May 10th, 2016
|script_version = 0.39
}}</ref>

== Official hangars ==
=== Aircraft ===

==== Stable releases ====

The official aircraft hangar is known as [[FGAddon]]. For each FlightGear release, these aircraft are tagged and official downloads provided:

* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v3-6/ FlightGear Official 3.6 Hangar]{{dead link}} (release [[FlightGear Newsletter November 2015#FlightGear v3.6 canceled|cancelled]])
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v3-4/ FlightGear Official 3.4 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v3-2/ FlightGear Official 3.2 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v3-0/ FlightGear Official 3.0 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v2-12/ FlightGear Official 2.12 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-2-10-filterable/ FlightGear Official 2.10 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v2-8/ FlightGear Official 2.8 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v2-6/ FlightGear Official 2.6 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v2-4/ FlightGear Official 2.4 Hangar] (Legacy site)
* [http://www.flightgear.org/Downloads/aircraft-2.0.0/ FlightGear Official 2.0 Hangar] (Legacy site)

==== Aircraft development ====

The [[FGAddon]] version controlled repository contains in-development aircraft as well as aircraft tagged for FlightGear 3.4 and higher stable releases.

* {{fgaddon aircraft source|text=FGAddon Hangar}} The Subversion version controlled repository for the official FlightGear aircraft on the SourceForge infrastructure, see [[FGAddon]] for details.
* {{gitorious source|proj=fg|repo=fgdata|path=Aircraft|view=tree|text=Old fgdata Hangar}} The Gitorious archive of the official aircraft, migrated to the [https://archive.org/ Internet Archive] for archival and history preservation purposes. Aircraft were migrated to [[FGAddon]] in September 2014. For further details see the [[FlightGear Newsletter September 2014#Aircraft moved to SVN|September 2014 newsletter announcement]] and the [http://forum.flightgear.org/viewtopic.php?f=28&t=24045 announcement topic on the forum]

=== Liveries ===
* [http://liveries.flightgear.org FlightGear Livery Database]

== Third party sites ==
=== Aircraft hangars ===
* [http://fg-acjza.wix.com/hangar/ ACJZA Hangar] (Land, Sea, Air)
* [http://www.gidenstam.org/FlightGear/Airships/ Anders Lighter-than-air Hangar] with these and additional [http://github.com/andgi aircraft repositories at GitHub].
* [http://andinogonthaeler.wordpress.com/ Andino's Hangar] (A340-600HGW, MD80's, Boeing 707-3J9C and 707-320C).
* [http://www.buckarooshangar.com/flightgear/ Buckaroo's Hangar] (Velocity XL RG, Edgley Optica, Lockheed 1049H Constellation, Grumman Goose, McDonnell Douglas MD-81) (& a YASim intro)
* [http://www.daveshangar.org/ Dave's Hangar]

* [https://github.com/FGMEMBERS FGMEMBERS GitHub-based fork of FGAddon] (for [[Git]] Distribution and development of FG aircraft | with [http://www.thejabberwocky.net/ forum] | Aircraft repositories individually)
* [http://www.fguk.eu/index.php/hangar FGUK hangar]
* [http://charles.ingels.free.fr/flightgear/ French FlightGear Hangar] (FR) (Aermacchi MB326, Dassault Mirage F1 Mikoyan Gurevitch Mig 31 Foxhound, and more)Hangar
* [http://hcilab.uniud.it/pan/downloads.html HCI Lab - University of Udine] (Aermacchi MB339 Frecce Tricolori)
* [http://helijah.free.fr/flightgear/hangar.htm Helijah FlightGear Hangar] (260+ original aircraft, the majority of which are maintained in [[FGAddon]])
* [http://hhfgfs.weebly.com/index.html Hellcat's FlightGear Hangar] (scenarios, skins, film inspired aerospace vehicles)
* [http://www.hoerbird.net/aircrafts.html Hoerbird Hangar] (misc. projects)
* [http://www.grafikavirtual.com/fgfs/ Horacio's Hangar] (Spanish)
* [http://horizonflightgearhangar.yolasite.com/ Horizon Flightgear Hangar] Dabolim Naval Air Station (VAGO), Goa, India; Murray Bridge/Pallama Airfield (YMBD), Australia; and ADFX-02 Morgan, a fictional aircraft.
* [http://hsotfhangar.wordpress.com/ HSOTF Official Hangar]
* [http://www.github.com/it0uchpods/ it0uchpods Hanger (MD-88, 747SP)]
* [https://sites.google.com/site/fghangar JOFH - Just Another Flightgear Hangar] (JA-37, scenario)
* [http://marc-kraus.de/ Lake of Constance Hangar] Quality Signature Series Aircrafts by Marc Kraus from Friedrichshafen home of The Dornier Museum.
* [http://longfly.square7.ch longfly's hangar]
* [http://nickfg.blogspot.com/ Nick's FlightGear Hangar] (Blog, CRJ-200)
* [http://theomegahangar.flymerlion.org/ Omega Hangar] (Embraer E-jet Family, A330-200, A320neo, CRJ-700 Full First Class, ATR-42-family, A321-series, Mobile Stairway)
* [http://equipe-flightgear.forumactif.com/t835-hangar-de-la-paf-paf-team-hangar#14330 PAF team Hangar] (Cap 10b, Robin DR400 JSBSim, Douglas DC-3 C47, Tecnam P92 Echo...)
* [http://pattenflightgear.wifeo.com/avions.php FG Patten's hangar] (Alouette-2, DHC6-300, Robin DR400 JSBsim, Tecnam P92 Echo, CAP 10 C, CAP 10 B, Douglas DC3 C47-JSBsim, Sceneries, Ground textures...)
* [http://www.fgpipistrel.org/ FG Pipistrel Hangar] Developing Pipistrel Aircraft
* [http://pjedvaj.wordpress.com/ pjedvaj's Hangar] (PC-9M, PC-21, MiG-21bis, T-50, Harrier GR.1, F-35B, RAH-66, Su-25, Yak-130)
* [http://presteshangar.wikidot.com/start Prestes Hangar] (many Brazilian aircraft articles)
* [http://riktov.synthasite.com/ Riktov's FlightGear Hangar] (BN-2 Islander, Giant Marshmallow Man)
* [http://digilander.libero.it/scighera_fg/index.html Scighera's Hangar] (models & liveries)
* [http://seahorseCorral.org/flightgear_aircraft.html Stewart's SEA-horse Aircraft Hanger]
* [https://sites.google.com/site/sydshangar/ Syd's Google Hangar ] (newer 2.0 versions)
* [http://macflightgear.sourceforge.net/home/aircraft Tat's Aircraft for FlightGear] (A6M2 "Zero", J7W, Ki-84, T-4, HondaJet, OH-1, K5Y1, RV-6A, YS-11)
* [http://vicmar.weebly.com/ VicMar] (Yanagisawa Gen H-4, Stung Biker, Quad Bikes, SRN4, Water Skier, G2 Thunderpack, Martin Jetpack)
* [http://www.treborlogic.com/fgfs/hangar/ Yourgod's Hangar: Douglas DC-8]

=== Old Hangars ===
* <s>[http://croo.murgl.org/fgfs/index.html A-10 and A-6 stuff]</s>
* {{gitorious source|text=Airbus Aircraft Development Git}} (A320, A330, A340-300, A380 - various authors, see the projects under <code>airbus-aircraft</code>)
* <s>[http://www.sol2500.net/flightgear/aircraft.html DFaber Hangar]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}} (Eurofighter, PC-6, Bf 109, Beufighter, F4U, Ju 52, DH Mosquito, G. Albatross, F-86, and more)
* <s>[http://thefancyflightgearhangar.blogspot.com the fancy flight gear hangar]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}} (a few well made aircraft)
* <s>[http://flier95-flightgear.blogspot.com/ Flier95's Hangar]</s>{{dead link|2012-08}} (Blog format)
* [https://sites.google.com/site/grtuxhangar GRTux Hangar] (28+ aircraft and add-ons; you need to mail to GRTux for download) (last updated 2011)
* <s>[http://mysite.verizon.net/vzeuyecs/ Kent Esbenshade's Boneyard Hangar]</s>{{dead link|2015-09}} (Classic aircraft)
* [http://www.ae.uiuc.edu/m-selig/apasim/Aircraft-uiuc.html UIUC Hangar] (for FGFS 0.7.8, last update 2002)

=== Livery/Scenery hangars ===
* <s>[http://AAliveries.yolasite.com/ AA Liveries]</s>{{dead link|2015-01}} Another livery site
* [http://berwickskins.yolasite.com/ Berwick-skins]
* [http://dliveryhangar.synthasite.com/ Dodger4's Livery Hangar]
* [http://hsotfhangar.wordpress.com/ HSOTF Official Hangar]
* [http://jchnd.blogspot.com/ JcHnd's Liveries for FlightGear]
* [http://lukashangar.jimdo.com/ Lukas' hangar] (Scenery projects, Liveries)
* [http://mojos-hangar.webs.com/ MOJO's Flightgear Livery Hangar]
* <s>[http://members.cox.net/scotsg8r/hangar/ N-SCOT's Hangar]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}} (5+ liveries & mods)
* <s>[https://planepainter.yolasite.com/ The Planepainter]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}} (Liveries, Scenery)
* [http://simbabeathangar.webs.com/ Simbabeat's Livery Hangar]
* [http://victorhangar.blogspot.com/ Victor Hangar] (in Portuguese - Brazilian)

=== Vehicles ===
* [http://ausdkunst.wix.com/kerdigarage Kerdigarage]
* [https://melbmotordesign.wordpress.com/ Melbourne Motor Design]

=== Other FlightGear repositories/mirrors ===
* [http://hsotfhangar.wordpress.com/ HSOTF Official Hangar]
* [http://www.unitedfreeworld.com/ Unitedfreeworld] (scenery, plane models, and livery)

== Related content ==
* [[Table of models]]
* [[Aircraft]] - [[Helicopter]] - [[Vehicle]]

[[Category:Lists]]
[[es:Hangares_Flightgear]]
[[fr:FlightGear hangars]]

JSBSim Atmosphere

2015-02-01T00:14:25Z

Daveculp: Created page with "=== Atmosphere Model === JSBSim can use it's own internal atmosphere, based on the 1976 U.S. Standard Atmosphere, or it can be set at intitialization time to use FlightGear's..."

=== Atmosphere Model ===
JSBSim can use it's own internal atmosphere, based on the 1976 U.S. Standard Atmosphere, or it can be set at intitialization time to use FlightGear's atmosphere. The property to set this is "/environment/params/control-fdm-atmosphere", and it is by default set to "true", meaning FlightGear provides the atmosphere model.

=== Turbulence ===
JSBSim has three available turbulence models: Milspec, Tustin and Culp. The default model is Milspec. The turbulence model can be set at startup using the property "/environment/params/jsbsim-turbulence-model", using one of the following string values: "ttMilspec", "ttTustin", "ttCulp", and "ttNone".

JSBSim

2015-01-28T21:22:20Z

Daveculp: /* Overview */

'''JSBSim''' is an open source [[Flight Dynamics Model]] (FDM) software library that models the flight dynamics of an aerospace vehicle. The library has been incorporated into the flight simulation packages [[FlightGear]] and [http://www.openeaagles.org/ OpenEaagles]. It can also be called from a small standalone program to create a batch simulation tool. JSBSim has been in development and use since 1996, and has been built on all of the most popular platforms in use today including those running Linux, Macintosh, and Microsoft Windows operating systems. JSBSim is written in C++ and uses [[File Formats#|XML]] configuration files.

* JSBSim is also used by [[OpenEaagles]]
* [[JSBSim Commander]] is a software program for developing FDM for aircraft with JSBSim.

== Overview ==
JSBSim provides several different physics models which work together to calculate the overall vehicle dynamics.
* [[JSBSim Mass and balance|Mass Balance]] - This model uses weight (mass) to provide a force due to gravity and moments of inertia to damp changes in rotational velocity. Empty mass and inertia are specified, and point masses (which can have a shape and size) and fuel load are added in.

* [[JSBSim GroundReactions|Ground Reactions]] - JSBSim has a fairly simple system for ground reactions. You can have structural contacts which are uni-directional or bogeys which act only in a given direction. Both are modeled as spring and damper systems. Each bogey or structural contact provides a force on the vehicle when in contact with the ground. If the contact is not at the CG it also provides a rotating moment.

* [[JSBSim Engines|Propulsion]] - JSBSim models a variety of engine types using different methods. All engines provide a force along their X axis, and create moments if this force in not applied at the CG. The propeller and rotor thrusters also create turning moments.

* [[JSBSim Aerodynamics|Aerodynamics]] - JSBSim's aerodyamics are a blank slate. It is entirely up to the vehicle author to use valid formulas. The aerodynamic force is divided into Lift, Drag, and Side. You can also create Roll, Pitch and Yaw moments. In addition, if the aerodynamic force reference point is not coincident to the CoG the forces will create a hidden moment.

* [[JSBSim Buoyant forces|Buoyant forces]] - Lighter than air craft, e.g. gas balloons, pressure airships (e.g. blimps) and rigid airships, can be simulated with this model.

* [[JSBSim External forces|External forces]] - If the aerodynamic section is too limiting, or you want to simulate glider tow ropes, catapults or other things, you can add forces at arbitrary points.

* [[JSBSim Atmosphere|Atmosphere]] - JSBSim can be set up to use its own atmosphere model, or it can use an externally supplied model. There are three turbulence models to chose from.

* Gravity

== Aeromatic ==

{| style="margin-top:0.1em; margin-bottom:0.1em; margin-left:2em; padding:2px; font-size:95%; text-align:left; background: transparent;"
|-
| [[File:1rightarrow.png|15px]] ''See [http://jsbsim.sourceforge.net/readme-aeromatic.html Aeromatic Readme] for the main article about this subject.''
|}

[http://jsbsim.sourceforge.net/aeromatic2.html Aeromatic] can be used to create aircraft configuration files for use with the JSBSim Flight Dynamics Model. The configuration file format produced using this utility is version 2.0, and is incompatable with older formats because of an extensive overhaul of JSBSim's XML code that occured in December of 2004. Aeromatic is a online web tool, written in PHP, not a standalone program.

You will need at least three files for a complete configuration, an '''aircraft file''' containing information on the aircraft's mass properties, propulsion, flight control, aerodynamic properties, etc., an [http://wiki.flightgear.org/JSBSim_Engines engine file] describing the engine(s), and a [http://wiki.flightgear.org/JSBSim_Thrusters thruster file]. Thrusters can be rotors, propellers, nozzles or direct. All turbine engines use the default "direct" thruster. Piston, electric and turboprops need rotors or propellers. Rockets need nozzles. Aeromatic will generate plausible configuration files for your aircraft using some simplifying assumptions. Note that Aeromatic allows only one type of engine to be defined per aircraft. If you want to mix engine types you'll have to make the necessary changes by hand.

Be careful when tweaking the resulting configuration file, because it's easy to make changes that will result in an unflyable FDM. Common errors are: moving things around so they are not left/right symmetrical, and moving the CG too far away from the AeroRP.

== Related content ==
* [[JSBSim Aerodynamics|JSBSim Aerodynamics notes]]
* [[Aero input and outputs|JSBSim Aerodynamics input and outputs]]
* [[JSBSim GroundReactions]]
* [[JSBSim Engines|JSBSim Engine configuration]]
* [[JSBSim Thrusters|JSBSim Thruster configuration]]
* [[JSBSim Fuel System]]
* [[Howto: Write a fuel system in JSBSim]]
* [[DATCOM|DATCOM, lets you input many more variables than Aeromatic]]
* [[Howto: Setup winch and aerotowing for JSBSim-aircraft]]

== External links ==
* [http://www.jsbsim.org/ JSBSim web site]
* {{cite web
| url = http://jsbsim.sf.net/JSBSimReferenceManual.pdf
| title = JSBSim – An open source, platform-independent, flight dynamics model in C++ (a.k.a. JSBSim Reference Manual v1.0)
| author = Jon S. Berndt and the JSBSim Development Team
| date = 9 July 2011 
| format = pdf
| accessdate = 15 January 2014
}} (WIP)
* {{cite web
| url = http://jsbsim.sourceforge.net/CreatingJSBSimAircraft.pdf
| title = A Journal for the Creation and Refinement of a JSBSim Aircraft Flight Model
| author = Jon S. Berndt
| format = pdf
| accessdate = 15 January 2014
}} Detailed report on an aircraft FDM improvement process.
* [http://jsbsimcommander.sf.net/ JSBSim Commander] (beta)
* [http://jsbsim.sourceforge.net/aeromatic2.html Aeromatic]
* [http://www.holycows.net/datcom/ DATCOM+]

[[es:JSBSim]]

{{FDM}}

{{JSBSim}}

JSBSim Fuel System

2015-01-08T05:46:20Z

Daveculp: /* FGTank */

[[JSBSim]] provides a framework for aerodynamics. This page will attempt to explain how to create fuel and oxidizer tanks for the JSBSim framework.

== FGTank ==
Tanks are a subsection of the Propulsion block.

===Capacity and Contents:===

Tank capacity and contents are measured by weight, not by volume.

===Burn Sequence:===

Each fuel tank has a "priority" value which is used to set the sequence of fuel burn. The priority
can be set in the tank block, and it can also be changed at runtime using the property
"propulsion/tank[n]/priority". A priority of 0 means the tank is closed, and no fuel will be
used from it. By default each tank has a priority of 1, the highest priority.

=== Fuel Temperature: ===

Fuel temperature is calculated using the following assumptions:

Fuel temperature will only be calculated for tanks which have an initial fuel
temperature specified in the configuration file.

The surface area of the tank is estimated from the capacity in pounds. It
is assumed that the tank is a wing tank with dimensions h by 4h by 10h. The
volume of the tank is then 40(h)(h)(h). The area of the upper or lower
surface is then 40(h)(h). The volume is also equal to the capacity divided
by 49.368 lbs/cu-ft, for jet fuel. The surface area of one side can then be
derived from the tank's capacity.

The heat capacity of jet fuel is assumed to be 900 Joules/lbm/K, and the
heat transfer factor of the tank is 1.115 Watts/sq-ft/K.

Fuel temperature is currently not written to the property tree.

=== Fuel Dump: ===

Fuel dumping is handled by the FGPropulsion class. A standpipe can be defined
here for each tank which sets the level of contents (in pounds or kg) which is not dumpable.
Default standpipe level is zero, making all contents dumpable.

Dump rate is set in the propulsion block.

Fuel dumping is triggered with the boolean property "propulsion/fuel_dump".

===Refueling:===

Refueling rate (intended for air refueling) is set in the propulsion block. Default is 6000 lb/min.
Onloading fuel is divided amongst all tanks equally.

Refueling is triggered with the boolean property "propulsion/refuel".

=== Fuel Transfer: ===

Fuel transfer is handled by the FGPropulsion class, however the contents of tanks
may be manipulated directly using the SetContents() function here, or via the property
tree at <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/contents-lbs</tt>, where i is the tank number (Tanks
are automatically numbered, starting at zero, in the order in which they are read in
the aircraft configuration file). The latter method allows one to use a system of FCS
components to control tank contents.

There is also a property <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/external-flow-rate-pps</tt>. Setting
this property to a positive value causes the tank to fill at the rate specified.
Setting a negative number causes the tank to drain. The value is the rate in pounds
of fuel per second. The tank will not fill past 100% full and will not drain below 0%.
Fuel may be transfered between two tanks by setting the source tank's external flow rate
to a negative value and the destination's external flow rate to the same positive value.
Care must be taken to stop fuel flow before the source tank becomes empty to prevent
phantom fuel being created.

=== Configuration File Format ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">
<tank type="{FUEL | OXIDIZER}">
<grain_config type="{CYLINDRICAL | ENDBURNING}">
<length unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
</grain_config>
<location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</location>
<drain_location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</drain_location>
<radius unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
<capacity unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </capacity>
<contents unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </contents>
<temperature> {number} </temperature> 
<standpipe unit="{LBS | KG"}> {number} </standpipe>
<priority> {integer} </priority>
<density unit="{KG/L | LBS/GAL}"> {number} </density>
<type> {string} </type> 
</tank>
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Definition of the tank configuration file parameters: ===
{| class="prettytable"

|type
|One of FUEL or OXIDIZER. This is required.
|-
|radius
|Equivalent radius of tank for modeling slosh, defaults to inches.
|-
|grain_config type
|One of CYLINDRICAL or ENDBURNING.
|-
|length
|length of tank for modeling solid fuel propellant grain, defaults to inches.
|-
|capacity
|Capacity, defaults to pounds.
|-
|contents
|Initial contents, defaults to pounds.
|-
|temperature
|Initial temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit.
|-
|standpipe
|Minimum contents to which tank can dump, defaults to pounds.
|-
|priority
|Establishes feed sequence of tank. "1" is the highest priority. "0" is off.
|-
|density
|Density of liquid tank contents.
|-
|type
|Named fuel type. One of AVGAS, JET-A, JET-A1, JET-B, JP-1, JP-2, JP-3, JP-4, JP-5, JP-6, JP-7, JP-8, JP-8+100, RP-1, T-1, ETHANOL, HYDRAZINE, F-34, F-35, F-40, F-44, AVTAG, AVCAT
|-
|location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|drain_location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank drain on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank drain on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank drain on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|}

===Default values of the tank configuration file parameters:===
{| class="prettytable"
|type
|ttUNKNOWN (causes a load error in the propulsion configuration)
|-
|location drain_location
|both optional, but a warning message will be printed to the console if the location is not given
|-
|
|x - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|y - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|z - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|radius
|0.0
|-
|capacity
|0.00001 (tank capacity must not be zero)
|-
|contents
|0.0
|-
|temperature
| -9999.0 (flag which indicates no temperature is set)
|-
|standpipe
|0.0 (all contents may be dumped)
|-
|priority
|1 (highest feed sequence priority)
|-
|density
|6.6
|}
===Fuel Densities (lb/gallon):===
{| class="prettytable"
|Type
|Density
|-
|AVGAS
|6.02
|-
|JET-A
|6.74
|-
|JET-A1
|6.74
|-
|JET-B
|6.48
|-
|JP-1
|6.76
|-
|JP-2
|6.38
|-
|JP-3
|6.34
|-
|JP-4
|6.48
|-
|JP-5
|6.81
|-
|JP-6
|6.55
|-
|JP-7
|6.61
|-
|JP-8
|6.66
|-
|JP-8+100
|6.66
|-
|RP-1
|6.73
|-
|T-1
|6.88
|-
|ETHANOL
|6.58
|-
|HYDRAZINE
|8.61
|-
|F-34
|6.66
|-
|F-35
|6.74
|-
|F-40
|6.48
|-
|F-44
|6.81
|-
|AVTAG
|6.48
|-
|AVCAT
|6.81
|}
{{FDM}}

{{JSBSim}}

JSBSim Fuel System

2015-01-08T05:41:29Z

Daveculp: /* FGTank */

[[JSBSim]] provides a framework for aerodynamics. This page will attempt to explain how to create fuel and oxidizer tanks for the JSBSim framework.

== FGTank ==
Tanks are a subsection of the Propulsion block.

===Burn Sequence:===

Each fuel tank has a "priority" value which is used to set the sequence of fuel burn. The priority
can be set in the tank block, and it can also be changed at runtime using the property
"propulsion/tank[n]/priority". A priority of 0 means the tank is closed, and no fuel will be
used from it. By default each tank has a priority of 1, the highest priority.

=== Fuel Temperature: ===

Fuel temperature is calculated using the following assumptions:

Fuel temperature will only be calculated for tanks which have an initial fuel
temperature specified in the configuration file.

The surface area of the tank is estimated from the capacity in pounds. It
is assumed that the tank is a wing tank with dimensions h by 4h by 10h. The
volume of the tank is then 40(h)(h)(h). The area of the upper or lower
surface is then 40(h)(h). The volume is also equal to the capacity divided
by 49.368 lbs/cu-ft, for jet fuel. The surface area of one side can then be
derived from the tank's capacity.

The heat capacity of jet fuel is assumed to be 900 Joules/lbm/K, and the
heat transfer factor of the tank is 1.115 Watts/sq-ft/K.

Fuel temperature is currently not written to the property tree.

=== Fuel Dump: ===

Fuel dumping is handled by the FGPropulsion class. A standpipe can be defined
here for each tank which sets the level of contents (in pounds or kg) which is not dumpable.
Default standpipe level is zero, making all contents dumpable.

Dump rate is set in the propulsion block.

Fuel dumping is triggered with the boolean property "propulsion/fuel_dump".

===Refueling:===

Refueling rate (intended for air refueling) is set in the propulsion block. Default is 6000 lb/min.
Onloading fuel is divided amongst all tanks equally.

Refueling is triggered with the boolean property "propulsion/refuel".

=== Fuel Transfer: ===

Fuel transfer is handled by the FGPropulsion class, however the contents of tanks
may be manipulated directly using the SetContents() function here, or via the property
tree at <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/contents-lbs</tt>, where i is the tank number (Tanks
are automatically numbered, starting at zero, in the order in which they are read in
the aircraft configuration file). The latter method allows one to use a system of FCS
components to control tank contents.

There is also a property <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/external-flow-rate-pps</tt>. Setting
this property to a positive value causes the tank to fill at the rate specified.
Setting a negative number causes the tank to drain. The value is the rate in pounds
of fuel per second. The tank will not fill past 100% full and will not drain below 0%.
Fuel may be transfered between two tanks by setting the source tank's external flow rate
to a negative value and the destination's external flow rate to the same positive value.
Care must be taken to stop fuel flow before the source tank becomes empty to prevent
phantom fuel being created.

=== Configuration File Format ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">
<tank type="{FUEL | OXIDIZER}">
<grain_config type="{CYLINDRICAL | ENDBURNING}">
<length unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
</grain_config>
<location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</location>
<drain_location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</drain_location>
<radius unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
<capacity unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </capacity>
<contents unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </contents>
<temperature> {number} </temperature> 
<standpipe unit="{LBS | KG"}> {number} </standpipe>
<priority> {integer} </priority>
<density unit="{KG/L | LBS/GAL}"> {number} </density>
<type> {string} </type> 
</tank>
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Definition of the tank configuration file parameters: ===
{| class="prettytable"

|type
|One of FUEL or OXIDIZER. This is required.
|-
|radius
|Equivalent radius of tank for modeling slosh, defaults to inches.
|-
|grain_config type
|One of CYLINDRICAL or ENDBURNING.
|-
|length
|length of tank for modeling solid fuel propellant grain, defaults to inches.
|-
|capacity
|Capacity, defaults to pounds.
|-
|contents
|Initial contents, defaults to pounds.
|-
|temperature
|Initial temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit.
|-
|standpipe
|Minimum contents to which tank can dump, defaults to pounds.
|-
|priority
|Establishes feed sequence of tank. "1" is the highest priority. "0" is off.
|-
|density
|Density of liquid tank contents.
|-
|type
|Named fuel type. One of AVGAS, JET-A, JET-A1, JET-B, JP-1, JP-2, JP-3, JP-4, JP-5, JP-6, JP-7, JP-8, JP-8+100, RP-1, T-1, ETHANOL, HYDRAZINE, F-34, F-35, F-40, F-44, AVTAG, AVCAT
|-
|location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|drain_location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank drain on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank drain on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank drain on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|}

===Default values of the tank configuration file parameters:===
{| class="prettytable"
|type
|ttUNKNOWN (causes a load error in the propulsion configuration)
|-
|location drain_location
|both optional, but a warning message will be printed to the console if the location is not given
|-
|
|x - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|y - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|z - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|radius
|0.0
|-
|capacity
|0.00001 (tank capacity must not be zero)
|-
|contents
|0.0
|-
|temperature
| -9999.0 (flag which indicates no temperature is set)
|-
|standpipe
|0.0 (all contents may be dumped)
|-
|priority
|1 (highest feed sequence priority)
|-
|density
|6.6
|}
===Fuel Densities (lb/gallon):===
{| class="prettytable"
|Type
|Density
|-
|AVGAS
|6.02
|-
|JET-A
|6.74
|-
|JET-A1
|6.74
|-
|JET-B
|6.48
|-
|JP-1
|6.76
|-
|JP-2
|6.38
|-
|JP-3
|6.34
|-
|JP-4
|6.48
|-
|JP-5
|6.81
|-
|JP-6
|6.55
|-
|JP-7
|6.61
|-
|JP-8
|6.66
|-
|JP-8+100
|6.66
|-
|RP-1
|6.73
|-
|T-1
|6.88
|-
|ETHANOL
|6.58
|-
|HYDRAZINE
|8.61
|-
|F-34
|6.66
|-
|F-35
|6.74
|-
|F-40
|6.48
|-
|F-44
|6.81
|-
|AVTAG
|6.48
|-
|AVCAT
|6.81
|}
{{FDM}}

{{JSBSim}}

JSBSim Fuel System

2015-01-08T05:26:08Z

Daveculp: /* Refueling: */

[[JSBSim]] provides a framework for aerodynamics. This page will attempt to explain how to create fuel and oxidizer tanks for the JSBSim framework.

== FGTank ==
Tanks are a subsection of the Propulsion block.

=== Fuel Temperature ===

Fuel temperature is calculated using the following assumptions:

Fuel temperature will only be calculated for tanks which have an initial fuel
temperature specified in the configuration file.

The surface area of the tank is estimated from the capacity in pounds. It
is assumed that the tank is a wing tank with dimensions h by 4h by 10h. The
volume of the tank is then 40(h)(h)(h). The area of the upper or lower
surface is then 40(h)(h). The volume is also equal to the capacity divided
by 49.368 lbs/cu-ft, for jet fuel. The surface area of one side can then be
derived from the tank's capacity.

The heat capacity of jet fuel is assumed to be 900 Joules/lbm/K, and the
heat transfer factor of the tank is 1.115 Watts/sq-ft/K.

Fuel temperature is not written to the property tree.

=== Fuel Dump: ===

Fuel dumping is handled by the FGPropulsion class. A standpipe can be defined
here for each tank which sets the level of contents (in pounds or kg) which is not dumpable.
Default standpipe level is zero, making all contents dumpable.

Dump rate is set in the propulsion block.

Fuel dumping is triggered with the boolean property "propulsion/fuel_dump".

===Refueling:===

Refueling rate (intended for air refueling) is set in the propulsion block. Default is 6000 lb/min.
Onloading fuel is divided amongst all tanks equally.

Refueling is triggered with the boolean property "propulsion/refuel".

=== Fuel Transfer: ===

Fuel transfer is handled by the FGPropulsion class, however the contents of tanks
may be manipulated directly using the SetContents() function here, or via the property
tree at <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/contents-lbs</tt>, where i is the tank number (Tanks
are automatically numbered, starting at zero, in the order in which they are read in
the aircraft configuration file). The latter method allows one to use a system of FCS
components to control tank contents.

There is also a property <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/external-flow-rate-pps</tt>. Setting
this property to a positive value causes the tank to fill at the rate specified.
Setting a negative number causes the tank to drain. The value is the rate in pounds
of fuel per second. The tank will not fill past 100% full and will not drain below 0%.
Fuel may be transfered between two tanks by setting the source tank's external flow rate
to a negative value and the destination's external flow rate to the same positive value.
Care must be taken to stop fuel flow before the source tank becomes empty to prevent
phantom fuel being created.

=== Configuration File Format ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">
<tank type="{FUEL | OXIDIZER}">
<grain_config type="{CYLINDRICAL | ENDBURNING}">
<length unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
</grain_config>
<location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</location>
<drain_location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</drain_location>
<radius unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
<capacity unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </capacity>
<contents unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </contents>
<temperature> {number} </temperature> 
<standpipe unit="{LBS | KG"}> {number} </standpipe>
<priority> {integer} </priority>
<density unit="{KG/L | LBS/GAL}"> {number} </density>
<type> {string} </type> 
</tank>
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Definition of the tank configuration file parameters: ===
{| class="prettytable"

|type
|One of FUEL or OXIDIZER. This is required.
|-
|radius
|Equivalent radius of tank for modeling slosh, defaults to inches.
|-
|grain_config type
|One of CYLINDRICAL or ENDBURNING.
|-
|length
|length of tank for modeling solid fuel propellant grain, defaults to inches.
|-
|capacity
|Capacity, defaults to pounds.
|-
|contents
|Initial contents, defaults to pounds.
|-
|temperature
|Initial temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit.
|-
|standpipe
|Minimum contents to which tank can dump, defaults to pounds.
|-
|priority
|Establishes feed sequence of tank. "1" is the highest priority.
|-
|density
|Density of liquid tank contents.
|-
|type
|Named fuel type. One of AVGAS, JET-A, JET-A1, JET-B, JP-1, JP-2, JP-3, JP-4, JP-5, JP-6, JP-7, JP-8, JP-8+100, RP-1, T-1, ETHANOL, HYDRAZINE, F-34, F-35, F-40, F-44, AVTAG, AVCAT
|-
|location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|drain_location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank drain on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank drain on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank drain on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|}

===Default values of the tank configuration file parameters:===
{| class="prettytable"
|type
|ttUNKNOWN (causes a load error in the propulsion configuration)
|-
|location drain_location
|both optional, but a warning message will be printed to the console if the location is not given
|-
|
|x - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|y - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|z - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|radius
|0.0
|-
|capacity
|0.00001 (tank capacity must not be zero)
|-
|contents
|0.0
|-
|temperature
| -9999.0 (flag which indicates no temperature is set)
|-
|standpipe
|0.0 (all contents may be dumped)
|-
|priority
|1 (highest feed sequence priority)
|-
|density
|6.6
|}
===Fuel Densities (lb/gallon):===
{| class="prettytable"
|Type
|Density
|-
|AVGAS
|6.02
|-
|JET-A
|6.74
|-
|JET-A1
|6.74
|-
|JET-B
|6.48
|-
|JP-1
|6.76
|-
|JP-2
|6.38
|-
|JP-3
|6.34
|-
|JP-4
|6.48
|-
|JP-5
|6.81
|-
|JP-6
|6.55
|-
|JP-7
|6.61
|-
|JP-8
|6.66
|-
|JP-8+100
|6.66
|-
|RP-1
|6.73
|-
|T-1
|6.88
|-
|ETHANOL
|6.58
|-
|HYDRAZINE
|8.61
|-
|F-34
|6.66
|-
|F-35
|6.74
|-
|F-40
|6.48
|-
|F-44
|6.81
|-
|AVTAG
|6.48
|-
|AVCAT
|6.81
|}
{{FDM}}

{{JSBSim}}

JSBSim Fuel System

2015-01-08T05:24:30Z

Daveculp: /* Fuel Dump: */

[[JSBSim]] provides a framework for aerodynamics. This page will attempt to explain how to create fuel and oxidizer tanks for the JSBSim framework.

== FGTank ==
Tanks are a subsection of the Propulsion block.

=== Fuel Temperature ===

Fuel temperature is calculated using the following assumptions:

Fuel temperature will only be calculated for tanks which have an initial fuel
temperature specified in the configuration file.

The surface area of the tank is estimated from the capacity in pounds. It
is assumed that the tank is a wing tank with dimensions h by 4h by 10h. The
volume of the tank is then 40(h)(h)(h). The area of the upper or lower
surface is then 40(h)(h). The volume is also equal to the capacity divided
by 49.368 lbs/cu-ft, for jet fuel. The surface area of one side can then be
derived from the tank's capacity.

The heat capacity of jet fuel is assumed to be 900 Joules/lbm/K, and the
heat transfer factor of the tank is 1.115 Watts/sq-ft/K.

Fuel temperature is not written to the property tree.

=== Fuel Dump: ===

Fuel dumping is handled by the FGPropulsion class. A standpipe can be defined
here for each tank which sets the level of contents (in pounds or kg) which is not dumpable.
Default standpipe level is zero, making all contents dumpable.

Dump rate is set in the propulsion block.

Fuel dumping is triggered with the boolean property "propulsion/fuel_dump".

===Refueling:===

Refueling rate (intended for air refueling) is set in the propulsion block. Default is 6000 lb/min.
Onloading fuel is divided amongst all tanks equally.

=== Fuel Transfer: ===

Fuel transfer is handled by the FGPropulsion class, however the contents of tanks
may be manipulated directly using the SetContents() function here, or via the property
tree at <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/contents-lbs</tt>, where i is the tank number (Tanks
are automatically numbered, starting at zero, in the order in which they are read in
the aircraft configuration file). The latter method allows one to use a system of FCS
components to control tank contents.

There is also a property <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/external-flow-rate-pps</tt>. Setting
this property to a positive value causes the tank to fill at the rate specified.
Setting a negative number causes the tank to drain. The value is the rate in pounds
of fuel per second. The tank will not fill past 100% full and will not drain below 0%.
Fuel may be transfered between two tanks by setting the source tank's external flow rate
to a negative value and the destination's external flow rate to the same positive value.
Care must be taken to stop fuel flow before the source tank becomes empty to prevent
phantom fuel being created.

=== Configuration File Format ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">
<tank type="{FUEL | OXIDIZER}">
<grain_config type="{CYLINDRICAL | ENDBURNING}">
<length unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
</grain_config>
<location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</location>
<drain_location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</drain_location>
<radius unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
<capacity unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </capacity>
<contents unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </contents>
<temperature> {number} </temperature> 
<standpipe unit="{LBS | KG"}> {number} </standpipe>
<priority> {integer} </priority>
<density unit="{KG/L | LBS/GAL}"> {number} </density>
<type> {string} </type> 
</tank>
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Definition of the tank configuration file parameters: ===
{| class="prettytable"

|type
|One of FUEL or OXIDIZER. This is required.
|-
|radius
|Equivalent radius of tank for modeling slosh, defaults to inches.
|-
|grain_config type
|One of CYLINDRICAL or ENDBURNING.
|-
|length
|length of tank for modeling solid fuel propellant grain, defaults to inches.
|-
|capacity
|Capacity, defaults to pounds.
|-
|contents
|Initial contents, defaults to pounds.
|-
|temperature
|Initial temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit.
|-
|standpipe
|Minimum contents to which tank can dump, defaults to pounds.
|-
|priority
|Establishes feed sequence of tank. "1" is the highest priority.
|-
|density
|Density of liquid tank contents.
|-
|type
|Named fuel type. One of AVGAS, JET-A, JET-A1, JET-B, JP-1, JP-2, JP-3, JP-4, JP-5, JP-6, JP-7, JP-8, JP-8+100, RP-1, T-1, ETHANOL, HYDRAZINE, F-34, F-35, F-40, F-44, AVTAG, AVCAT
|-
|location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|drain_location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank drain on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank drain on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank drain on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|}

===Default values of the tank configuration file parameters:===
{| class="prettytable"
|type
|ttUNKNOWN (causes a load error in the propulsion configuration)
|-
|location drain_location
|both optional, but a warning message will be printed to the console if the location is not given
|-
|
|x - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|y - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|z - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|radius
|0.0
|-
|capacity
|0.00001 (tank capacity must not be zero)
|-
|contents
|0.0
|-
|temperature
| -9999.0 (flag which indicates no temperature is set)
|-
|standpipe
|0.0 (all contents may be dumped)
|-
|priority
|1 (highest feed sequence priority)
|-
|density
|6.6
|}
===Fuel Densities (lb/gallon):===
{| class="prettytable"
|Type
|Density
|-
|AVGAS
|6.02
|-
|JET-A
|6.74
|-
|JET-A1
|6.74
|-
|JET-B
|6.48
|-
|JP-1
|6.76
|-
|JP-2
|6.38
|-
|JP-3
|6.34
|-
|JP-4
|6.48
|-
|JP-5
|6.81
|-
|JP-6
|6.55
|-
|JP-7
|6.61
|-
|JP-8
|6.66
|-
|JP-8+100
|6.66
|-
|RP-1
|6.73
|-
|T-1
|6.88
|-
|ETHANOL
|6.58
|-
|HYDRAZINE
|8.61
|-
|F-34
|6.66
|-
|F-35
|6.74
|-
|F-40
|6.48
|-
|F-44
|6.81
|-
|AVTAG
|6.48
|-
|AVCAT
|6.81
|}
{{FDM}}

{{JSBSim}}

JSBSim Fuel System

2015-01-08T05:21:19Z

Daveculp: /* Fuel Temperature */

[[JSBSim]] provides a framework for aerodynamics. This page will attempt to explain how to create fuel and oxidizer tanks for the JSBSim framework.

== FGTank ==
Tanks are a subsection of the Propulsion block.

=== Fuel Temperature ===

Fuel temperature is calculated using the following assumptions:

Fuel temperature will only be calculated for tanks which have an initial fuel
temperature specified in the configuration file.

The surface area of the tank is estimated from the capacity in pounds. It
is assumed that the tank is a wing tank with dimensions h by 4h by 10h. The
volume of the tank is then 40(h)(h)(h). The area of the upper or lower
surface is then 40(h)(h). The volume is also equal to the capacity divided
by 49.368 lbs/cu-ft, for jet fuel. The surface area of one side can then be
derived from the tank's capacity.

The heat capacity of jet fuel is assumed to be 900 Joules/lbm/K, and the
heat transfer factor of the tank is 1.115 Watts/sq-ft/K.

Fuel temperature is not written to the property tree.

=== Fuel Dump: ===

Fuel dumping is handled by the FGPropulsion class. A standpipe can be defined
here for each tank which sets the level of contents (in pounds or kg) which is not dumpable.
Default standpipe level is zero, making all contents dumpable.

Dump rate is set in the propulsion block.

===Refueling:===

Refueling rate (intended for air refueling) is set in the propulsion block. Default is 6000 lb/min.
Onloading fuel is divided amongst all tanks equally.

=== Fuel Transfer: ===

Fuel transfer is handled by the FGPropulsion class, however the contents of tanks
may be manipulated directly using the SetContents() function here, or via the property
tree at <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/contents-lbs</tt>, where i is the tank number (Tanks
are automatically numbered, starting at zero, in the order in which they are read in
the aircraft configuration file). The latter method allows one to use a system of FCS
components to control tank contents.

There is also a property <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/external-flow-rate-pps</tt>. Setting
this property to a positive value causes the tank to fill at the rate specified.
Setting a negative number causes the tank to drain. The value is the rate in pounds
of fuel per second. The tank will not fill past 100% full and will not drain below 0%.
Fuel may be transfered between two tanks by setting the source tank's external flow rate
to a negative value and the destination's external flow rate to the same positive value.
Care must be taken to stop fuel flow before the source tank becomes empty to prevent
phantom fuel being created.

=== Configuration File Format ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">
<tank type="{FUEL | OXIDIZER}">
<grain_config type="{CYLINDRICAL | ENDBURNING}">
<length unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
</grain_config>
<location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</location>
<drain_location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</drain_location>
<radius unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
<capacity unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </capacity>
<contents unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </contents>
<temperature> {number} </temperature> 
<standpipe unit="{LBS | KG"}> {number} </standpipe>
<priority> {integer} </priority>
<density unit="{KG/L | LBS/GAL}"> {number} </density>
<type> {string} </type> 
</tank>
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Definition of the tank configuration file parameters: ===
{| class="prettytable"

|type
|One of FUEL or OXIDIZER. This is required.
|-
|radius
|Equivalent radius of tank for modeling slosh, defaults to inches.
|-
|grain_config type
|One of CYLINDRICAL or ENDBURNING.
|-
|length
|length of tank for modeling solid fuel propellant grain, defaults to inches.
|-
|capacity
|Capacity, defaults to pounds.
|-
|contents
|Initial contents, defaults to pounds.
|-
|temperature
|Initial temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit.
|-
|standpipe
|Minimum contents to which tank can dump, defaults to pounds.
|-
|priority
|Establishes feed sequence of tank. "1" is the highest priority.
|-
|density
|Density of liquid tank contents.
|-
|type
|Named fuel type. One of AVGAS, JET-A, JET-A1, JET-B, JP-1, JP-2, JP-3, JP-4, JP-5, JP-6, JP-7, JP-8, JP-8+100, RP-1, T-1, ETHANOL, HYDRAZINE, F-34, F-35, F-40, F-44, AVTAG, AVCAT
|-
|location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|drain_location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank drain on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank drain on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank drain on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|}

===Default values of the tank configuration file parameters:===
{| class="prettytable"
|type
|ttUNKNOWN (causes a load error in the propulsion configuration)
|-
|location drain_location
|both optional, but a warning message will be printed to the console if the location is not given
|-
|
|x - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|y - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|z - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|radius
|0.0
|-
|capacity
|0.00001 (tank capacity must not be zero)
|-
|contents
|0.0
|-
|temperature
| -9999.0 (flag which indicates no temperature is set)
|-
|standpipe
|0.0 (all contents may be dumped)
|-
|priority
|1 (highest feed sequence priority)
|-
|density
|6.6
|}
===Fuel Densities (lb/gallon):===
{| class="prettytable"
|Type
|Density
|-
|AVGAS
|6.02
|-
|JET-A
|6.74
|-
|JET-A1
|6.74
|-
|JET-B
|6.48
|-
|JP-1
|6.76
|-
|JP-2
|6.38
|-
|JP-3
|6.34
|-
|JP-4
|6.48
|-
|JP-5
|6.81
|-
|JP-6
|6.55
|-
|JP-7
|6.61
|-
|JP-8
|6.66
|-
|JP-8+100
|6.66
|-
|RP-1
|6.73
|-
|T-1
|6.88
|-
|ETHANOL
|6.58
|-
|HYDRAZINE
|8.61
|-
|F-34
|6.66
|-
|F-35
|6.74
|-
|F-40
|6.48
|-
|F-44
|6.81
|-
|AVTAG
|6.48
|-
|AVCAT
|6.81
|}
{{FDM}}

{{JSBSim}}

JSBSim Fuel System

2015-01-08T01:07:57Z

Daveculp:

[[JSBSim]] provides a framework for aerodynamics. This page will attempt to explain how to create fuel and oxidizer tanks for the JSBSim framework.

== FGTank ==
Tanks are a subsection of the Propulsion block.

=== Fuel Temperature ===

Fuel temperature is calculated using the following assumptions:

Fuel temperature will only be calculated for tanks which have an initial fuel
temperature specified in the configuration file.

The surface area of the tank is estimated from the capacity in pounds. It
is assumed that the tank is a wing tank with dimensions h by 4h by 10h. The
volume of the tank is then 40(h)(h)(h). The area of the upper or lower
surface is then 40(h)(h). The volume is also equal to the capacity divided
by 49.368 lbs/cu-ft, for jet fuel. The surface area of one side can then be
derived from the tank's capacity.

The heat capacity of jet fuel is assumed to be 900 Joules/lbm/K, and the
heat transfer factor of the tank is 1.115 Watts/sq-ft/K.

=== Fuel Dump: ===

Fuel dumping is handled by the FGPropulsion class. A standpipe can be defined
here for each tank which sets the level of contents (in pounds or kg) which is not dumpable.
Default standpipe level is zero, making all contents dumpable.

Dump rate is set in the propulsion block.

===Refueling:===

Refueling rate (intended for air refueling) is set in the propulsion block. Default is 6000 lb/min.
Onloading fuel is divided amongst all tanks equally.

=== Fuel Transfer: ===

Fuel transfer is handled by the FGPropulsion class, however the contents of tanks
may be manipulated directly using the SetContents() function here, or via the property
tree at <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/contents-lbs</tt>, where i is the tank number (Tanks
are automatically numbered, starting at zero, in the order in which they are read in
the aircraft configuration file). The latter method allows one to use a system of FCS
components to control tank contents.

There is also a property <tt>propulsion/tank[i]/external-flow-rate-pps</tt>. Setting
this property to a positive value causes the tank to fill at the rate specified.
Setting a negative number causes the tank to drain. The value is the rate in pounds
of fuel per second. The tank will not fill past 100% full and will not drain below 0%.
Fuel may be transfered between two tanks by setting the source tank's external flow rate
to a negative value and the destination's external flow rate to the same positive value.
Care must be taken to stop fuel flow before the source tank becomes empty to prevent
phantom fuel being created.

=== Configuration File Format ===
<syntaxhighlight lang="xml">
<tank type="{FUEL | OXIDIZER}">
<grain_config type="{CYLINDRICAL | ENDBURNING}">
<length unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
</grain_config>
<location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</location>
<drain_location unit="{FT | M | IN}">
<x> {number} </x>
<y> {number} </y>
<z> {number} </z>
</drain_location>
<radius unit="{FT | M | IN}"> {number} </radius>
<capacity unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </capacity>
<contents unit="{LBS | KG}"> {number} </contents>
<temperature> {number} </temperature> 
<standpipe unit="{LBS | KG"}> {number} </standpipe>
<priority> {integer} </priority>
<density unit="{KG/L | LBS/GAL}"> {number} </density>
<type> {string} </type> 
</tank>
</syntaxhighlight>

=== Definition of the tank configuration file parameters: ===
{| class="prettytable"

|type
|One of FUEL or OXIDIZER. This is required.
|-
|radius
|Equivalent radius of tank for modeling slosh, defaults to inches.
|-
|grain_config type
|One of CYLINDRICAL or ENDBURNING.
|-
|length
|length of tank for modeling solid fuel propellant grain, defaults to inches.
|-
|capacity
|Capacity, defaults to pounds.
|-
|contents
|Initial contents, defaults to pounds.
|-
|temperature
|Initial temperature, in degrees Fahrenheit.
|-
|standpipe
|Minimum contents to which tank can dump, defaults to pounds.
|-
|priority
|Establishes feed sequence of tank. "1" is the highest priority.
|-
|density
|Density of liquid tank contents.
|-
|type
|Named fuel type. One of AVGAS, JET-A, JET-A1, JET-B, JP-1, JP-2, JP-3, JP-4, JP-5, JP-6, JP-7, JP-8, JP-8+100, RP-1, T-1, ETHANOL, HYDRAZINE, F-34, F-35, F-40, F-44, AVTAG, AVCAT
|-
|location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|drain_location:
|-
|
|x - Location of tank drain on aircraft's x-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|y - Location of tank drain on aircraft's y-axis, defaults to inches.
|-
|
|z - Location of tank drain on aircraft's z-axis, defaults to inches.
|}

===Default values of the tank configuration file parameters:===
{| class="prettytable"
|type
|ttUNKNOWN (causes a load error in the propulsion configuration)
|-
|location drain_location
|both optional, but a warning message will be printed to the console if the location is not given
|-
|
|x - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|y - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|
|z - 0.0 (both full and drained CG locations)
|-
|radius
|0.0
|-
|capacity
|0.00001 (tank capacity must not be zero)
|-
|contents
|0.0
|-
|temperature
| -9999.0 (flag which indicates no temperature is set)
|-
|standpipe
|0.0 (all contents may be dumped)
|-
|priority
|1 (highest feed sequence priority)
|-
|density
|6.6
|}
===Fuel Densities (lb/gallon):===
{| class="prettytable"
|Type
|Density
|-
|AVGAS
|6.02
|-
|JET-A
|6.74
|-
|JET-A1
|6.74
|-
|JET-B
|6.48
|-
|JP-1
|6.76
|-
|JP-2
|6.38
|-
|JP-3
|6.34
|-
|JP-4
|6.48
|-
|JP-5
|6.81
|-
|JP-6
|6.55
|-
|JP-7
|6.61
|-
|JP-8
|6.66
|-
|JP-8+100
|6.66
|-
|RP-1
|6.73
|-
|T-1
|6.88
|-
|ETHANOL
|6.58
|-
|HYDRAZINE
|8.61
|-
|F-34
|6.66
|-
|F-35
|6.74
|-
|F-40
|6.48
|-
|F-44
|6.81
|-
|AVTAG
|6.48
|-
|AVCAT
|6.81
|}
{{FDM}}

{{JSBSim}}

FlightGear hangars

2014-07-24T17:37:39Z

Daveculp: /* Aircraft hangars */

{{cleanup}}

''See [[Links]] for an overall listing of FlightGear related external websites''

FlightGear has [[aircraft]] and other content available from 3rd-party hangars, some which are GPL compatible and also included in official distributions while others are independent. Aircraft versions range from requiring a developmental build, to being compatible with the latest primary release, to requiring an older version.

Be careful with external links!

== Official hangars ==
=== Aircraft ===
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-2-12-filterable/ FlightGear Official 2.12 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-2-10-filterable/ FlightGear Official 2.10 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v2-8/ FlightGear Official 2.8 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v2-6/ FlightGear Official 2.6 Hangar]
* [http://www.flightgear.org/download/aircraft-v2-4/ FlightGear Official 2.4 Hangar] (Legacy site)
* [http://www.flightgear.org/Downloads/aircraft-2.0.0/ FlightGear Official 2.0 Hangar] (Legacy site)
* [http://gitorious.org/fg/fgdata/trees/master/Aircraft Git Hangar] (for [[Git]] builds)

=== Liveries ===
* [http://liveries.flightgear.org FlightGear Livery Database]

== Unofficial sites ==
=== Aircraft hangars ===
* [http://fg-acjza.wix.com/hangar/ ACJZA Hangar] (Land, Sea, Air)
* [https://www.gitorious.org/airbus-aircraft Airbus Aircraft Development Git] (A320, A330, A340-300, A380 - various authors)
* [http://www.gidenstam.org/FlightGear/Airships/ Anders Lighter-than-air Hangar] with [http://gitorious.org/anders-hangar aircraft repositories at gitorious].
* [http://andinogonthaeler.wordpress.com/ Andino's Hangar] (Boeing 707-3J9C and 707-320C, 777-200LR).
* [http://flighthgearcolombia.jimdo.com/ Hangar colombiano] Colombian airlines and militaries aircraft FAC. (WARNING: Contains improperly re-licensed models!)
* [http://www.buckarooshangar.com/flightgear/ Buckaroo's Hangar] (Velocity XL RG, Edgley Optica, Lockheed 1049H Constellation, Grumman Goose, McDonnell Douglas MD-81) (& a YASim intro)
* [http://charles.ingels.free.fr/flightgear/ French FlightGear Hangar] (FR) (Aermacchi MB326, Dassault Mirage F1 Mikoyan Gurevitch Mig 31 Foxhound, and more)
* [http://fgnl.freehostia.com/ Gijs Hangar] (Aircraft, Liveries, Scenery, Vehicles)
* [https://sites.google.com/site/fghangar JOFH - Just Another Flightgear Hangar] (JA-37, scenario)
* [http://hcilab.uniud.it/pan/downloads.html HCI Lab - University of Udine] (Aermacchi MB339 Frecce Tricolori)
* [http://helijah.free.fr/flightgear/hangar.htm Helijah FlightGear Hangar] (200+ original aircraft)
* [http://hhfgfs.weebly.com/index.html Hellcat's FlightGear Hangar] (scenarios, skins, film inspired aerospace vehicles)
* [http://www.hoerbird.net/aircrafts.html Hoerbird Hangar] (misc. projects)
* [http://horizonflightgearhangar.yolasite.com/ Horizon Flightgear Hangar] Dabolim Naval Air Station (VAGO), Goa, India; Murray Bridge/Pallama Airfield (YMBD), Australia; and ADFX-02 Morgan, a fictional aircraft.
* [http://hsotfhangar.wordpress.com/ HSOTF Official Hangar]
* [http://mysite.verizon.net/vzeuyecs/ Kent Esbenshade's Boneyard Hangar] (Classic aircraft)
* [http://http://marc-kraus.de/ Lake of Constance Hangar] Quality Signature Series Aircrafts by Marc Kraus from Friedrichshafen home of The Dornier Museum.
* <s>[http://flightgear.bplaced.de/ longfly's hangar] (not only German!)</s> {{dead link|2014-01}}
** <s>[http://flightgear.bplaced.de/filemanager/aircraft-list/index.html list of all aircrafts]</s> (under development) {{dead link|2014-01}}
* [http://nickfg.blogspot.com/ Nick's FlightGear Hangar] (Blog, CRJ-200)
* [http://theomegahangar.flymerlion.org/ Omega Hangar] (Embraer E-jet Family, A330-200, A320neo, CRJ-700 Full First Class, ATR-42-family, A321-series, Mobile Stairway)
* [http://equipe-flightgear.forumactif.com/t835-hangar-de-la-paf-paf-team-hangar#14330 PAF team Hangar] (Cap 10b, Robin DR400 JSBSim, Douglas DC-3 C47, Tecnam P92 Echo...)
* [http://pjedvaj.eu5.org/ pjedvaj's Hangar] (MiG-21bis, PC-9M, PC-21, T-50, Harrier GR.1, F-35B, RAH-66)
* [http://presteshangar.wikidot.com/start Prestes Hangar] (many Brazilian aircraft articles)
* [http://riktov.synthasite.com/ Riktov's FlightGear Hangar] (BN-2 Islander, Giant Marshmallow Man)
* [http://digilander.libero.it/scighera_fg/index.html Scighera's Hangar] (models & liveries)
* [http://seahorseCorral.org/flightgear_aircraft.html Stewart's SEA-horse Aircraft Hanger]
* <s>[http://sydhangar.daffodil.uk.com/ Syd's Hangar ]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}} (older 1.9 versions) [https://sites.google.com/site/sydshangar/ Syd's Google Hangar ] (newer 2.0 versions)
* [http://macflightgear.sourceforge.net/home/aircraft Tat's Aircraft for FlightGear] (A6M2 "Zero", J7W, Ki-84, T-4, HondaJet, OH-1, K5Y1, RV-6A, YS-11)
* [http://vicmar.weebly.com/ VicMar] (Yanagisawa Gen H-4, Stung Biker, Quad Bikes, SRN4, Water Skier, G2 Thunderpack, Martin Jetpack)
* [http://www.treborlogic.com/fgfs/hangar/ Yourgod's Hangar: Douglas DC-8]
* [http://www.fgpipistrel.org/ FG Pipistrel Hangar] Developing Pipistrel Aircraft

=== Old Hangars ===
* <s>[http://croo.murgl.org/fgfs/index.html A-10 and A-6 stuff]</s>
* <s>[http://www.sol2500.net/flightgear/aircraft.html DFaber Hangar]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}} (Eurofighter, PC-6, Bf 109, Beufighter, F4U, Ju 52, DH Mosquito, G. Albatross, F-86, and more)
* [http://pagesperso-orange.fr/GRTux/tux/index-en.html GRTux Hangar] (28+ aircraft and add-ons) (last updated 2011)
* <s>[http://thefancyflightgearhangar.blogspot.com the fancy flight gear hangar]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}} (a few well made aircraft)
* <s>[http://flier95-flightgear.blogspot.com/ Flier95's Hangar]</s>{{dead link|2012-08}} (Blog format)
* [http://www.ae.uiuc.edu/m-selig/apasim/Aircraft-uiuc.html UIUC Hangar] (for FGFS 0.7.8, last update 2002)

=== Livery/Scenery hangars ===
* [http://berwickskins.yolasite.com/ Berwick-skins]
* [http://dliveryhangar.synthasite.com/ Dodger4's Livery Hangar]
* [http://hsotfhangar.wordpress.com/ HSOTF Official Hangar]
* [http://jchnd.blogspot.com/ JcHnd's Liveries for FlightGear]
* [http://lukashangar.jimdo.com/ Lukas' hangar] (Scenery projects, Liveries)
* [http://mojos-hangar.webs.com/ MOJO's Flightgear Livery Hangar]
* <s>[http://members.cox.net/scotsg8r/hangar/ N-SCOT's Hangar]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}} (5+ liveries & mods)
* <s>[https://planepainter.yolasite.com/ The Planepainter]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}} (Liveries, Scenery)
* [http://simbabeathangar.webs.com/ Simbabeat's Livery Hangar]

=== Homepages, blogs, etc. ===
* [http://www.jaunty.bplaced.net/flightgear/index.php A small FlightGear page]
* <s>[http://www.flightgeararg.com.ar/ Argentina Flightgear Community Portal]</s>{{dead link|2013-01}}
* [http://daveshangar.blogspot.com/ Dave's Hangar Blog]
* [http://helldiversquadron.wordpress.com/ Helldiver Squadron Offensive Tactical Force Homepage]
* [http://djrick1.wix.com/grupofgbr Grupo FGBR Brazilian Portal] (Broken site - only accesible with flash player)
* [http://flightgearblog.blogspot.com/ FlightGear Blog] (Last post Dec. 2008)
* [http://flightgear2009.blogspot.com/ FlightGear Brasil 2009] (non-english)
* [http://geoffmclane.com/fg/index.htm FlightGear Build Centre]
* [http://www.flightgearcanada.ca/ FlightGear Canada] (The home of everything Canadian for FlightGear)
* [http://flightgearcorner.tk The FlightGear Corner] (News, Downloads, Tutorials and more)
* [http://www.fguk.eu/ FlightGear United Kingdom]
* [http://hsotfhangar.wordpress.com/ HSOTF Official Hangar]
* [http://www.emmerich-j.de/FGFS/index.html jomo's FlightGear Homepage]
* [http://flightgear.mxchange.org/ Quix0r's FlightGear Website] Simple tutorials and fgdata.bundle
* <s>[http://tehwarlock.tk/ Tehwarlock Blog]</s>{{dead link|2012-04}}
* [http://www.vivefg.org/ Vive FlightGear!] Aircrafts, scenery, manuals and forum (non-english)

=== Other FlightGear repositories/mirrors ===
* [http://www.flightgearplanes.com Flightgear Planes Website]
* [http://hsotfhangar.wordpress.com/ HSOTF Official Hangar]
* [http://lukeafg.com/ LukeaFG] (FlightGear tutorials and developments)
* [http://ftp.riken.go.jp/pub/FreeBSD/distfiles/flightgear-aircrafts/ Older versions of FlightGear aircraft]
* [http://www.unitedfreeworld.com/ Unitedfreeworld] (scenery, plane models, and livery)

== Related content ==
* [[Table of models]]
* [[Aircraft]] - [[Helicopter]] - [[Vehicle]]

[[Category:Lists]]

Howto:Adding gun effects

2009-08-14T21:24:35Z

Daveculp:

[[Image:Thud_gunnery.jpg]]

With [[Flightgear]]'s increasing capabilities, bullet effects such as tracers and smoke on impact are now supported. You'll need [[FlightGear 1.9.0|FlightGear version 1.9]] or later, in order to use the effects.

== Setup ==
There is no default key/button binding for a trigger in FlightGear, so you'll have to make your own. An obvious choice of button would be the trigger on a joystick, but you can also make a keyboard binding by adding something like this to your <tt>keyboard.xml</tt> file:

<key n="119">
<name>w</name>
<desc>Gun Trigger</desc>
<binding>
<command>property-assign</command>
<property>controls/armament/trigger</property>
<value>true</value>
</binding>
<mod-up>
<binding>
<command>property-assign</command>
<property>controls/armament/trigger</property>
<value>false</value>
</binding>
</mod-up>
</key>

In the code, we have used '''w''' as the trigger. You can change it to a choice of your own. Joystick bindings are a bit more complex, but are explained in the wiki article on [[Joystick]]s.

== Adding Guns and Bullet Effects to Your Airplane ==
Once you have a key or button binding defined to active the trigger, you'll then need to add the needed [[AI_Systems#Submodels]] configuration file to your airplane's root directory, and ensure the file is activated in your *-set.xml file. The choice of tracer, smoke and impact visual models is up to you. You may also add a sound effect to your sound configuration file that activates with the trigger.

== Aircraft Already Equipped with Guns==
Some aircraft have the needed submodel files included.
All aircraft equipped with guns in [http://home.comcast.net/~davidculp2/hangar/hangar.html Dave's hangar] are capable bullet effects. Like:
* Embraer AT-29, A-29B Super Tucano
* McDonnell F-4D/E/F, FGR.2, Phantom II
* [[Republic F-105 Thunderchief|Republic F-105D Thunderchief]]
* North American F-100 Super Sabre
* North American FJ-3 Fury
* LTV A-7E Corsair II
* Dassault Mirage IIIC, F-103E

== Current Limitations ==
- Submodel information is not sent with the multiplayer protocol, so multiplayer users will not be effected by your bullets. The tracers, smoke and impact effects will only be seen by you.

- The impact cylinder for models is fairly large, so you will see impacts occur outside of the target model's boundaries.

File:Thud gunnery.jpg

2009-08-14T21:21:46Z

Daveculp:

JSBSim

2009-08-14T21:12:48Z

Daveculp: /* Aeromatic */

Soaring

2007-11-07T02:05:22Z

Daveculp:

At this time no released version of FlightGear has any glider launching methods. Working winch launches and even multiplayer aerotows have however been successfully tested, the code is in CVS now (see [[Doing_aerotow_over_the_net]]) and will be included in the next release. If you cannot use CVS though, to go gliding you must start up in the air. For an example of how to do this see the related article called [[Starting in the Air]], or see the start file for the Schweizer 2-33 (called sgs233-set.xml).

Thermals and sinks are modeled, but they must be defined individually in a thermal scenario file. To see how this is done it would be best to examine the file called data/AI/thermal_demo.xml, which sets up 11 thermals and 6 sinks around San Francisco Bay. To learn more about AI scenarios in general, see the related article called [[AI Systems]]. Note that the thermals and sinks exist independently of FlightGear's weather system, so it's possible to have cloud layers that don't match your thermal heights. To prevent this you may want to manually set the cloud layers to match your thermals. Thermal cap clouds are available since about one month ''after'' 0.9.10 was released. If you are using 0.9.10 or earlier you can make cap clouds work by a) fetching the cap cloud model from CVS, and b) adding a <z-m> offset to the cap cloud wrapper file to put the cloud at the right altitude.

A very nice piece of add-on scenery for gliding in the Menden (EDLA) area is available [http://home.arcor.de/vollnhals-bremen/Arnsberg/Arnsberg.html], including the required AI scenario file containing thermals for that area.

If you log on to a multiplayer server (server port 5002 only) while soaring, then your flight will be recorded at the FGTracker site, like this: [http://fgfs.i-net.hu/modules/fgtracker/?FUNCT=FLIGHT&FLIGHTID=1305&PHPSESSID=b3f9752f0f47468b0df49303e806c288], which makes flight review a snap.

North American OV-10A Bronco

2006-07-18T18:26:33Z

Daveculp:

"The North American Rockwell OV-10 Bronco is a turboprop-driven light attack and cargo aircraft. Although it is a fixed-wing aircraft, its mission capabilities resemble a fast, long-range, inexpensive and reliable ultra-heavy attack helicopter. It flies at 244 knots (452 kilometers/hour), carries 3 tons of external munitions, and easily loiters for 3 or more hours. It is prized for its versatility, redundancy, load, wide field of view, short-field ability, low operational costs and ease of maintenance."

"The OV-10 has been used by the United States' Air Force, Marines and Navy, the military forces of several other nations, and the U.S. Customs Service, Bureau of Land Management, NASA and California Department of Forestry. There is at least one airplane in private hands as well. The OV-10 package for FlightGear contains three versions of the airplane: A U.S. Air Forces Europe version, which models an OV-10A assigned to the 601st Tactical Control Wing at Sembach Airbase, Germany; A California Department of Forestry version, used for fire fighting command and control; and a NASA version, used for atmospheric and aerodynamic research."

{{infobox Aircraft
|image =[[Image:OV-10A2.jpg|320px]]
|caption =OV-10A USAFE
|name =North American OV-10A Bronco
|type =Military Aircraft
|authors =Capt. Slug, David Culp, Jens Thoms Toerring, Julien Pierru, Vivian Meazza
|fdm =JSBSim
|status =Beta
}}

{|
|__TOC__
|}

== User's Manual ==

The FlightGear OV-10 features a user-selectable "easy mode". By default the airplane starts in "easy mode".

=== Starting procedure ===
=== Armament procedure ===
To charge the guns (not required when in "easy mode"):
*Guns LH and RH switches .......... READY
*Master Arm switch ................ ON
*Trigger .......................... Squeeze
*Master Arm switch ................ OFF

To fire the guns:
*Master Arm switch ................ ON
*Trigger .......................... Squeeze

WARNING: The Master Arm switch should be set to the OFF position bewteen firing passes.

To Fire a rocket:
*Appropriate station switch ....... FIRE
*Master Arm switch ................ ON
*Weapons release button ........... Push

CAUTION: The rocket pod may be set for SINGLE or RIPPLE fire, and is not selectable from within the cockpit.
CAUTION: If the station switch is mistakenly set to DROP, the entire rocket pod will be dropped.

To drop a bomb:
*Appropriate station switch ....... DROP
*Fuse switch ...................... Select NOSE or TAIL
*Master Arm switch ................ ON
*Weapons release button ........... Push

== Dimensions ==
[[Image:ov10a_3view.gif|thumb|OV-10A 3view|right]]
* Span: 40 feet (12.2 meters)
* Length: 41 feet, 7 inches (12.7 meters)
* Height: 15 feet, 1 inch (4.6 meters)
* Weight: Empty: 7,190 pounds (3,261 kilograms)
* Maximum take-off gross weight: 14,444 pounds (6,552 kilograms)

Note that the sponsons (the small winglets attached to the fuselage) can be removed, as the CDF did with their OV-10's. The fuselage rear cargo door could also be removed, as was necessary when dropping paratroopers. The Air Force models did not carry the mid-wing weapons racks, and although the AIM-9 control box remained in the cockpit, the AIM-9 system was deactivated.

== Performance ==
* MAXIMUM SPEED AT SEA LEVEL: 244 knots (452 kilometers/hour). This published number may be for a very light airplane with sponsons removed. In a more standard configuration, with a 230 gal. external fuel tank, the OV-10A would do about 180 knots indicated on a very hot day, and 220 knots on a very cold day.
* SERVICE CEILING: 28,800 feet (8,778 meters), but regulations limited the ceiling to 25,000 feet due to lack of cockpit pressurization.
* CREW: One pilot and optionally one observer (removable rear seat for greater fuselage cargo capacity).
* FUEL: Five self-sealing fuel tanks in wing: 252-gallon capacity (954 liters) 150-, 230-, or 300-gallon (568-, 871-, or 1,136-liter) external tank.
* RANGE: 700 nautical miles (1,297 kilometers) with internal fuel 1200 nautical miles (2224 kilometers) with 150-gallon (568-liter) drop tank.
* MISSION PERFORMANCE: 5.5 hours loiter time with 150-gallon (568-liter) drop tank50 nautical miles (93 kilometers) and 2 hours loiter time with full ordnance load.
* MAXIMUM DIVING SPEED: 350 knots.

== Special Features ==
[[Image:OV10A-loaded.jpg|thumb|OV-10A USAFE]]
=== Fuel System ===
==== Internal Fuel System ====
* 5 wing stored tanks gravity fed to the engines (fuel cutoff after 15 consecutive seconds of negative G flight).
* default tanks if external is empty or not used.

==== External Fuel System ====
* 1 230 gallons external tank fixed to external station 3, pump fed. If the pump is still activated and the tank is empty or has been dropped the pump will fail after 15 minutes, an orange light turns on on the upper right corner of the panel when pump output pressure is low .
[[Image:OV10A-CDF.jpg|thumb|OV-10A CDF]]

=== Armament ===
(Read the armament procedure in the User's Manual section)
* 4 M60C 7.62mm machine guns, two in each sponson (shoot tracers, 500 rounds).
* 2 Mk82 500lbs bomb, with either nose or tail (delayed) fuse.
* 2 LAU68 2.75in rocket pods, with single or multiple fire sequence (7 rockets in each pod).

Station Load:
* Station 1: LAU68 (single fire mode).
* Station 2: Mk82.
* Station 3: External Fuel tank.
* Station 4: Mk82.
* Station 5: LAU68 (ripple fire mode).

The weight of each weapon is figured into the Flight Dynamics Model, however drag effects are not yet modeled. The gunsight is fixed at present. We hope to add adjustable sight depression in the future. Note that the weapons, when released, are AI models, and as such do not know the terrain elevation. This means it is not yet possible to mark the point of impact. This ability may be added to FlightGear in the future.

The trigger on your joystick is not set up to be a trigger if you are using the default FlightGear joystick bindings. The OV-10 model will automatically re-bind your keyboard "space" key for use as a weapons release button.

=== Radar Detector ===
* 1 AN/ALR 46 Radar detection system

=== Misc. ===
* right engine smoke created by mixing oil into fuel thus making a white smoke (s to trigger, S to stop).
[[Image:OV10A-NASA-in-action.jpg|thumb|OV-10A NASA]]
* Parachutists: in the Air Force version press the 'j' key to drop five parachutists from the rear of the airplane.

* Ejection Seat: in the Air Force version press the 'e' key to eject.

=== Available Versions ===
* US Air Force Europe (USAFE), from the 601st Tactical Control Wing, based at Sembach Airbase, Germany from about 1976 to 1984, used as forward air control, light attack, observation and utility roles.
* California Department of Forestry (CDF), used for fire detection and combat.
* NASA, used for atmospheric research.

== Development status/ToDo ==
Outside:

* full 3D model complete
* fully animated
* fully textured
* external models: 230gal fuel tank, Mk82 bomb, rockets, parachuters, ejection seat/parachute

[[Image:OV10A-cockpit.jpg|thumb|OV-10A cockpit|right]]

Cockpit:

* All versions now have a 3D cockpit
* most instruments present
* realistic fuel system implemented
* working weapons and external stations release

TODO:

* finish 3D cockpit
* add ignition sequence
* add radar detection system (AN/ALR-46)

== External links ==
[http://flamebunny.homelinux.net/OV10A.php OV10A Bronco development project]

[http://www.ov-10bronco.net/techspecs-ov10a.cfm OV10A Bronco technical specifications]

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OV-10 Wikipedia's article on OV-10 Bronco]

== Related content ==
=== Related lists ===
[[Aircraft]]

[[Aircraft Todo]]