FlightGear wiki - User contributions [en]

FlightGear Newsletter March 2019

2019-03-29T18:13:22Z

Barta: /* Scenery corner */

{{User:Skybike/Template:Newsletter-header-translate|2019-03}}
{{TOC_right|limit=2}}
''We would like to emphasize that the monthly newsletter can not live without the contributions of FlightGear users and developers. Everyone with a wiki account (free to register) is welcome to contribute to the newsletter. If you know about any FlightGear related news or projects such as for example updated scenery or aircraft, please do feel invited to add such news to the newsletter.''

== Development news ==





== In the hangar ==

=== New car ===
==== ZAZ 965 ====
[[File:ZAZ965.jpg|thumb|ZAZ-965 Vehicle]]The 965 by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ZAZ ZAZ], the main automobile manufacturer of Ukraine, is now available for Flightgear. Available in DrivingGear [https://github.com/DrivingGEARGroup/ZAZ-965 development repository].










== AI ==


The AI team makes FlightGear more realistic, colorful and lively every month. You can support the important development of ''Interactive Traffic'' and contribute at the FlightGear [https://forum.flightgear.org/viewforum.php?f=23 AI forums].



== Scenery corner ==

New custom scenery for some areas of Argentina. Created from OpenStreetMap data polygons, and Osm2city goodies (roads, buildings, etc.). Check out the [[Suggested_custom_scenery|Suggested custom scenery]] page.












== Community news ==







=== FlightGear on Facebook ===
Since early December 2010, FlightGear has an [http://www.facebook.com/FlightGear official Facebook page]. If you have a Facebook account please feel free to join the page.

=== FlightGear on Google+ ===
Since November 2011 there is a [https://plus.google.com/+flightgear FlightGear page on Google+]. If you haven't done so already, please add us to your circle and stay up to date on the latest FlightGear news, cool screenshots and release info.

=== FlightGear on Instagram ===
In January 2018 the [https://www.instagram.com/flightgear_sim/ @flightgear_sim Instagram account] was brought back to life. If you've got nice screenshots to be featured, feel free to [https://forum.flightgear.org/viewtopic.php?t=33636 contact the maintainer].

=== FlightGear on FlightSim.com ===
Flightgear has also a [https://www.flightsim.com/vbfs/forumdisplay.php?102-FlightGear sub-forum] on flightsim.com - just like the commercial flightsims. It is an opportunity to showcase what FG can do, get people curious and answer any questions they may have with regard to the software or the project.

== Multiplayer events ==









== Contributing ==

=== Translators needed ===
{|
| [[File:en.gif]]
| The FlightGear Wiki still needs help for translating it into various languages. If you are interested in making the FlightGear Wiki multilingual, you can start by looking at [[Help:Translate]].
|-
| [[File:fr.gif]]
| Le wiki de FlightGear a toujours besoin d'aide pour être traduit en différentes langues. Si vous êtes intéressé par le rendre multilingue, commencez par lire [[:fr:Help:Traduire|Help:Traduire]].
|-
| [[File:de.gif]]
| Das FlightGear Wiki benötigt immer noch Hilfe bei der Übersetzung in verschiedene Sprachen. Wenn Du Interesse daran hast, das FlightGear Wiki mehrsprachig zu machen, dann fang mit dem [[:de:Help:Übersetzen|Help:Übersetzen]] an.
|-
| [[File:nl.gif]]
| De FlightGear Wiki kan nog steed hulp gebruiken bij het vertalen van artikelen. Als je interesse hebt om de wiki meertalig te maken, raden we je aan om een kijkje te nemen bij [[:nl:Help:Vertalen|Help:Vertalen]].
|-
| [[File:es.gif]]
| La wiki de FlightGear todavía necesita ayuda para traducirla a varios lenguajes. Si estás interesado en hacer la FlightGear wiki multilingüe, entonces comienza en [[:es:Help:Traducir|Help:Traducir]].
|-
| [[File:cat.gif]]
| La wiki de FlightGear encara necessita ajuda per traduir-la a diverses llengües. Si esteu interessat en fer la wiki de FlightGear multilingüe, llavors comenceu a [[:ca:Help:Traduir|Help:Traduir]].
|-
| [[File:pt.gif]]
| A wiki de FlightGear ainda necessita de ajuda para traduzi-la em vários idiomas. Se estás interessado em tornar a wiki de FlightGear multi-lingual, por favor começa em [[:pt:Help:Traduzir|Help:Traduzir]].
|-
| [[File:zh.gif]]
| FlightGear 百科仍然需要志愿者将其翻译为各种语言。如果你有兴趣让FlightGear百科支持更多语言, 你可以查看 [[Help:Translate]].
|}

=== FlightGear logos ===
If you want some graphic elements for your FlightGear-related site (such as a hangar or YouTube channel), please feel free to visit [[FlightGear logos]] for a repository of logos. And if you have some art skills, please don't hesitate to contribute with your own design creations.

=== Screenshots ===
The FlightGear project always needs screenshots, which show features that were added since the last release. These should be of good quality, especially in content and technical image properties. It is therefore recommended to use the best viable filter settings ([[anti-aliasing]], texture sharpening, etc.). More info at [[Howto:Make nice screenshots]].

==== Screenshot of the Month ====


If you want to participate in the screenshot contest , you can submit your candidate to [https://forum.flightgear.org/viewforum.php?f=19 this] forum topic. Be sure to see the first post for participation rules. For purposes of convenience and organization, after all the entries have been submitted, a new forum topic will be started containing all shots in an easy-to-view layout. The voting will then take place there. Once the voting has finished, the best screenshot will be presented in the Newsletter.

''Thanks for reading {{PAGENAME}}!''

{{Appendix}}

[[Category:Changes after 2018.3]]
[[Category:FlightGear Newsletter|2019 03]]

[[de:FlightGear Newsletter {{#time: F Y | 2019-03 | de }}]]

Suggested custom scenery

2019-03-29T18:01:20Z

Barta: Added Argentina scenery

Besides the official scenery that is automatically synced while Flightgear is running, there are a number of custom sceneries available, created by users for beautifying some specific areas of the scenery. This page is a list of some '''suggested custom scenery''' for downloading and visiting. This list can not be complete as custom sceneries might come and go. Its worth to search the forum for additional custom sceneries.

''Some of these may have been obsoleted by the release of the [[FlightGear World Scenery 2.0|new world scenery in November 2013]].''

* '''France''': Custom scenery for France with improved landcover information and more detailed elevation information (no improvements on the objects) is under development. See the [[Custom France Scenery|Custom France Scenery page]].

<gallery>
Image:High_textures_transitions3.png|High detail France scenery
Image:High_textures_transitions4_1.png|High detail France scenery
Image:High_textures_transitions6_2.png|High detail France scenery
Image:High_textures_transitions10_1.png|Mont Blanc
Image:High_textures_transitions11_1.png|Aguille du midi?
Image:High_textures_transitions13_1.png|Matterhorn without landclass, just slope transitions
</gallery>

* '''Innsbruck (Austria) area''': The scenery currently covers a 1x1 degree area containing parts of Austria and Germany, and makes use of accurate data from the Corine Land Cover, and Open Street Map projects. See [http://forum.flightgear.org/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=5350 this forum post] and [[FlightGear Newsletter August 2009#Innsbruck Gets A Face Lift|the August 2009 newsletter]] for details.

* '''LOWI & Austria Scenery Preview''': This scenery includes the Innsbruck scenario and is much more complete than the previous. It is still experimental, but should try it as having been really good. Info and download can be found [[Innsbruck Airport|here]].

* '''Iberian Peninsula: Spain and Portugal''': custom scenery for Spain and Portugal with improved landcover and additional airports and objects. See the [[Custom Spain and Portugal Scenery|custom Spain and Portugal scenery page]].

* '''Canary Islands:''' custom scenery for the Canary Islands with improved terrain, objects, vegetation, building, reworked airports, mostly with buildings and furniture. Check out the wiki page: http://wiki.flightgear.org/Canary_Islands_Custom_Scenery
Download: https://github.com/D-ECHO/Canarys

<gallery>
File:Las-Palmas-Apron.png|Gran Canaria and its airport at dusk
</gallery>

* '''Venezuela: [[Project Venezuela]]''': custom scenery for Venezuela by [[User:Legoboyvdlp|J. Redpath]], with improved airport layouts, and objects at several airports. Highly improved over TerraSync status.

* '''EDDK''': Custom scenery for the Cologne/Bonn airport in Germany with very nice and realistic terminal buildings. Available from https://github.com/mherweg/EDDK-fg-CustomScenery.

* '''Argentina''': OSM-based custom scenery for Argentina and parts of Chile and Uruguay.<br/>Updated airports, landcover from OSM polygons, line data and objects using Osm2City. Updated frequently!<br/>Downloads:
** Buenos Aires province: https://github.com/bartacruz/scenery-6040
** Cuyo Area + Santiago: https://github.com/bartacruz/scenery-cuyo

{{suggested}}

[[Category:Scenery]]

User:Barta/Take Off cleaned

2017-05-20T16:17:35Z

Barta: Continue to clean

NOTE: This is a work in progress to clean up the page [[Take Off]]

Takeoffs are central to being able to get into the air. In many cases the takeoff is the easiest of all flight maneuvers. Just because it is easy doesn’t mean that it should be taken for granted. Takeoffs occur in a wide variety of weather conditions. First we are going to perform a normal takeoff. Oddly enough this is the least common type of takeoff. Very rarely will the airplane be traveling down a runway perfectly aligned with the current winds. The most common type of takeoff you will experience will be the crosswind takeoff. Once you have mastered these two types of takeoffs, we will learn how to do the short field and soft field takeoffs. These two are really just variations of the normal takeoff, so don’t be too frightened of them. Today we will practice these takeoffs. During your training , we will continue to practice them until you are confident you can takeoff under most circumstances.

=Normal Takeoffs=
==Lesson Requirements==
* Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a normal and crosswind takeoff and climb.
* Positions the flight controls for the existing wind conditions; sets the flaps as recommended.
* Clears the area; taxies into the takeoff position and aligns the airplane on the runway centerline.
* Advances the throttle smoothly to takeoff power.
* Rotates at the recommended airspeed, lifts off, and accelerates to V Y.
* Establishes the pitch attitude for V Y and maintains V Y , +10/-5 knots, during the climb.
* Retracts the landing gear, if retractable, and flaps after a positive rate of climb is established.
* Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude.
* Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout the takeoff and climb.
* Complies with noise abatement procedures.
* Completes the appropriate checklist.
==Common errors==
* Improper initial positioning or flight controls and wing flaps.
* Improper power application.
* Inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
* Poor directional control.
* Improper use of ailerons.
* Improper pitch attitude during liftoff.
* Failure to establish and maintain proper climb configuration and airspeed.
* Drift during climb.
==Perform a normal takeoff ==
# Align the airplane with the runway. Make sure the plane is on the centerline.
# Both feet on the rudder pedals. Heels on the floor, away from the brakes.
# Apply FULL power. You may need to apply right rudder to counter-act yaw to the left.
# Accelerate down the runway to rotation speed. Maintain directional control with the rudder. As airspeed increases, the control surfaces will become more effective. Use smaller inputs to the rudder to maintain control.
# Apply slight back pressure to the elevator, just enough to lift the nose off the ground. Watch for left yawing tendency.
# Lift off at Vy (best rate of climb).
# Continue to climb out according to departure procedure/instructions.
## For retractable gear aircraft, retract the gear when there is no useable runway left.
## For high performance aircraft you will need to adjust MP and RPM to bring them back within tolerance. THROTTLE FIRST THEN RPM. Keep manifold pressure BELOW rpm at all times.
# Pitch for airspeed.
# Trim to relieve pressures.

=Crosswind Takeoff=
Why use crosswind take off techniques? A crosswind tends to lift one of the wings off the ground and could potentially cause an airplane to tip over. During take off, the crosswind could cause the airplane to skip sideways along the runway. This put tremendous loads on the landing gear and could in some instances cause the gear to collapse. Proper crosswind technique minimizes these effects. In simple terms, you keep the wing in the crosswind DOWN until you are airborne. You will lift off with a greater airspeed than normal to help you control the airplane. Otherwise the take off is the same as a normal take off.
You may find yourself combining this takeoff with soft or short field takeoffs. Because the wind rarely blows down the center of any runway, this will become your most used takeoff procedure. Always apply full aileron deflection into the crosswind and neutralize it enough to keep the wings level.

== Understand a crosswind and its effects on an aircraft on the ground==
# What is a crosswind component? The crosswind component is that wind that is not blowing directly down the runway.
# What effect does crosswind have on the airplane on the ground? Crosswinds have the tendency to lift one of the wings higher than the other. When this occurs on the ground, there is the potential to cause the aircraft to have the opposite wing hit the ground. This is why we use the crosswind taxi technique.
# What is the crosswind taxi technique? Simply put it is an attempt to minimize the effect of the crosswind on the airplane. A simple memory tool is to “climb into” a crosswind coming from the front and to “dive away from” a crosswind coming from the tail.
# Student Check:
##What is the maximum crosswind component of this airplane? _______
##What could happen if you exceed the maximum crosswind component? ______
==Effects of crosswind on takeoff==
# What effect does crosswind have on takeoff? Aside from what we discussed earlier, the crosswind will tend to push the airplane to the side of the runway as the airplane gets airborne. This is why we takeoff with aileron down into the crosswind and then upon lift off assume a crab into the wind.
# What effect will gusting winds have on takeoff? Gusts can stop in the middle of the takeoff. If this occurs, there may not be enough air moving over the wings to keep takeoff lift. This may cause the airplane to settle back onto the runway. We minimize this by obtaining a higher than normal takeoff speed prior to lift off.
== Identify and correct common errors in crosswind takeoffs ==
The same as above plus:
* Improper initial positioning or flight controls and wing flaps.
* Improper power application.
* Inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
* Poor directional control.
* Improper use of ailerons.
* Improper pitch attitude during liftoff.
* Failure to establish and maintain proper climb configuration and airspeed.
* Drift during climb.
==Perform a crosswind takeoff==
# Align the airplane with the runway. Make sure the plane is on the centerline.
# Both feet on the rudder pedals. Heels on the floor, away from the brakes.
# Apply FULL aileron down into the wind. This prevents that wing from rising in the wind.
# Apply FULL power. You may need to apply right rudder to counter-act yaw to the left.
# Accelerate down the runway to rotation speed.
## Maintain directional control with the rudder. As airspeed increases, the control surfaces will become more effective. Use smaller inputs to the rudder to maintain control.
## Keep the aileron into the wind DOWN until the crosswind becomes more of a headwind. As the ailerons become more effective you can return the yoke SLOWLY to neutral bank.
# Apply slight back pressure to the elevator, just enough to lift the nose off the ground. Watch for left yawing tendency.
# Lift off at a speed greater than Vy. This will counteract the effects of any gusts and ensure that the airplane does not settle back onto the runway if any gusts should stop.
# Wings level.
# Crab into the wind.
# Continue to climb out according to departure procedure/instructions.
## For retractable gear aircraft, retract the gear when there is no useable runway left.
## For high performance aircraft you will need to adjust MP and RPM to bring them back within tolerance. THROTTLE FIRST THEN RPM. Keep manifold pressure BELOW rpm at all times.
# Pitch for airspeed.
# Trim to relieve pressures.

=Short field takeoffs=
==Lesson Requirements==
* Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a short-field takeoff and climb.
* Positions the flight controls for the existing wind conditions; sets the flaps as recommended.
* Clears the area; taxies into the takeoff position so as to allow maximum utilization of available takeoff area and aligns the airplane on the runway centerline.
* Advances the throttle smoothly to takeoff power.
* Rotates at the recommended airspeed, lifts off and accelerates to the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed or V X .
* Establishes the pitch attitude for the recommended obstacle clearance airspeed, or V X , and maintains that airspeed, +10/-5 knots, until the obstacle is cleared, or until the airplane is 50 feet (20 meters) above the surface.
* After clearing the obstacle, accelerates to V Y , establishes the pitch attitude for V Y , and maintains V Y , +10/-5 knots, during the climb.
* Retracts the landing gear, if retractable, and flaps after a positive rate of climb is established.
* Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude.
* Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout the takeoff and climb.
* Complies with noise abatement procedures.
* Completes the appropriate checklist.
*
==Common Errors==
* Failure to position the airplane for maximum utilization of available takeoff area.
* Improper initial positioning or flight controls and wing flaps.
* Improper power application.
* Inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
* Poor directional control.
* Improper use of ailerons.
* Improper pitch attitude during liftoff.
* Failure to establish and maintain proper climb configuration and airspeed.
* Drift during climb.
==Perform a short field takeoff==
This takeoff assumes you have a very short runway and there is a 50 foot obstacle at the end of the runway you must clear. You have to get the airplane as high as you can get it in a very short time. You do this by starting your takeoff roll at the runway’s edge with the engine already at full power. You then climb out at Vx (or best angle of climb) until you clear the obstacle. Then climb out as normal.
* Align the airplane with the runway. Make sure the plane is on the centerline at the END of the runway. You need all the runway you can get!!!!
* Make sure you have the proper flap setting. (Usually 20 degrees or so) You need all the lift you can get.
* Both feet on the rudder pedals.
* Apply full braking power so the plane cannot move.
* Apply FULL power. Hold the brakes.
* Check engine instruments and make sure they are operating correctly.
* Release brakes.
* Accelerate down the runway to rotation speed. Maintain directional control with the rudder. As airspeed increases, the control surfaces will become more effective. Use smaller inputs to the rudder to maintain control.
* Apply slight back pressure to the elevator, just enough to lift the nose off the ground. Watch for left yawing tendency.
* Lift off at Vx (best angle of climb). Maintain Vx until you clear obstacles at the end of the runway. (PTS assumes 50 foot obstacle)
* After clearing the obstacle accelerate to Vy.
** For retractable gear aircraft, retract the gear when there is no useable runway left.
** For high performance aircraft you will need to adjust MP and RPM to bring them back within tolerance. THROTTLE FIRST THEN RPM. Keep manifold pressure BELOW rpm at all times.
* Continue to climb out according to departure procedure/instructions.
* Pitch for airspeed.
* Trim to relieve pressures.
=Soft field takeoffs=
Wet grass or mud can cause a runway to be so soft that the airplane’s takeoff performance is seriously compromised. The landing gear could even get stuck during the takeoff roll. The intent is to transfer the weight of the airplane from the landing gear to the wings as quickly as possible. In essence you will get flying before you are supposed to. You get the plane airborne at a very low airspeed and stay in ground effect until the airplane accelerates to a safe climb speed.
==Lesson requirements==
* Exhibits knowledge of the elements related to a soft-field takeoff and climb.
* Positions the flight controls for the existing wind conditions and so as to maximize lift as quickly as possible; sets the flaps as recommended.
* Clears the area; taxies onto the takeoff surface at a speed consistent with safety and aligns the airplane without stopping while advancing the throttle smoothly to takeoff power.
* Establishes and maintains the pitch attitude that will transfer the weight of the airplane from the wheels to the wings as rapidly as possible.
* Lifts off and remains in ground effect while accelerating to V Y.
* Establishes the pitch attitude for V Y and maintains V Y , +10/-5 knots, during the climb.
* Retracts the landing gear, if retractable, and flaps after a positive rate of climb is established.
* Maintains takeoff power to a safe maneuvering altitude.
* Maintains directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout the takeoff and climb.
* Complies with noise abatement procedures.
* Completes the appropriate checklist.
==Common errors==
Identify and correct common errors in soft field takeoffs.
* Improper initial positioning or flight controls and wing flaps.
* Hazards of allowing the airplane to stop on the takeoff surface prior to initiating takeoff.
* Improper power application.
* Inappropriate removal of hand from throttle.
* Poor directional control.
* Improper use of brakes.
* Improper pitch attitude during takeoff.
* Hazards of settling back to takeoff surface after becoming airborne.
* Failure to establish and maintain proper climb configuration.
* Drift during climb.
==Perform a soft field takeoff==
# Keep back pressure on the elevator. This includes during the taxi. This keeps the nose wheel off the ground and helps prevent it from getting stuck in the mud or some other substance.
# Align the airplane with the runway. Make sure the plane is on the centerline. DO NOT STOP!!!
# Both feet on the rudder pedals. Heels on the floor, away from the brakes.
# Apply FULL power. You will need to apply right rudder to counter-act yaw to the left.
# Keeping back pressure on the elevator, allow the nose to lift off the ground, the plane will fly “sooner than it is ready”. This is ok.
# As soon as the plane is airborne, bring the nose level. Keep the airplane in ground effect unto you reach Vx.
# At Vx begin to climb until you clear any obstacles. (PTS assumes 50 foot obstacle)
# After clearing any obstacles accelerate to Vy.
## For retractable gear aircraft, retract the gear when there is no useable runway left.
## For high performance aircraft you will need to adjust MP and RPM to bring them back within tolerance. THROTTLE FIRST THEN RPM. Keep manifold pressure BELOW rpm at all times.
# Continue to climb out according to departure procedure/instructions.
# Pitch for airspeed.
# Trim to relieve pressures.

User:Barta/Take Off cleaned

2017-05-20T15:49:59Z

Barta: Started cleaning Take Off page

User:Barta

2010-02-06T03:17:57Z

Barta:

{{User
|name=Julio Santa Cruz
|location=Buenos Aires, Argentina
|age=38 so far
|callsign=barta
|favourite=[[Piper_Aerostar|Aerostar Super700]]
}}

User:Barta

2010-02-06T03:17:05Z

Barta: Created page with '{{User |name=Julio Santa Cruz |location=Buenos Aires, Argentina |age=38 so far |callsign=barta |favourite=Piper_Aerostar Aerostar Super700 }}'

{{User
|name=Julio Santa Cruz
|location=Buenos Aires, Argentina
|age=38 so far
|callsign=barta
|favourite=[[Piper_Aerostar Aerostar Super700]]
}}

Howto:Test your airport layout: quick and easy

2010-02-06T03:06:07Z

Barta: Added a quicker but dirty way

Thanks to LucMTL in [http://www.flightgear.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=5&t=3230&st=0&sk=t&sd=a&start=60#p29683 this post] we can now test our new Airport Layout Easily!

Relatively Simple Procedure to Get a Quick Look at a New Airport Layout Drawn in TaxiDraw :

== File Creation ==

Let's suppose your airport in project has the ICAO code : ''ABCD''.

# Create a folder anywhere named with any name, and copy the genapts executable into it, from the TerraGear suite.
# In TaxiDraw, open your project and do the command : '''Export Airport'''. Save the export ''ABCD.dat'' file into your folder.
# Open a command line window and go to your folder in it.
# Do the command exactly as here, including the dot at the end (but put the real ICAO code of your airport of course, instead of "''ABCD''" at the input parameter) :
genapts --input=ABCD.dat --work=.
: That command will make a series of data lines pass through the screen. Your new airport has just been generated. We must now manage to put the current scenery out of our way, and place the new airport temporarily at the right place, so we can take a look at it.

== Putting Aside the Current Scenery ==

# Go to FlightGear/data/Scenery/Terrain, and go through to your exact scenery sub-folder where the airport is normally stored.
# In this folder, there is already the official "ABCD.btg.gz" file existing. Rename it by adding the word BACKUP at the end of its name. That will put it aside for the moment.
# Also in that same folder, locate your exact bucket file corresponding to the place where your airport is supposed to be. For example, the bucket file for the CSK3 airport is 1745385.btg.gz. Rename it by adding the word BACKUP at the end of its name. That will completely deactivate for the moment all the surrounding scenery around your airport (Important ! Otherwise, parts of your new airport layout are likely to be hidden by the old scenery).
# Finally, always in the scenery folder, locate the small text file with the same numbered name as the bucket file, but with the .stg extention. For example, for the CSK3 airport, the file is 1745385.stg. Rename it also by adding the word BACKUP at the end of its name. That will put aside the current scenery instructions given to FlightGear for the local area you're working on.

== Putting the New Airport in Place ==

# Now, in your working folder, there are two new subfolders : AirportArea and AirportObj.
# In AirportObj, go through the subfolders and locate your new airport file : ABCD.btg.gz. Copy it from your working folder to that scenery folder.
# Still in AirportObj, locate also the new scenery instructions text file. It is named with the bucket number plus the .ind extension (ex. : 1745385.ind). Rename it to the .stg extension (ex. : 1745385.stg), and copy it to the scenery folder.
# Now start FlightGear with the UFO and go to your airport. At the beginning you will see nothing but a void. Go up, take some altitude : you can see your airport right there, you were just UNDER it at the start. It floats alone in the middle of the air, but it's all there, you can see what it looks like.

== Restoring ==

When you're done working on the airport layout and you're satisfied :

# Go to the scenery folder and delete both the new ABCD.btg.gz and the new "bucket-number".stg file.
# Locate the three files that were renamed "BACKUP" at the end, and rename them back to their previous names.

== Quicker but Dirty Way ==

This way is quicker because you don't need to modify your current scenery (nor make backup copies or restore it afterward). The only drawback (the ''dirty'' part, so to speak) is that the '''only''' thing that you will see is the new airport.

* Run the genapts command as described above in the first paragraph.
* Go into the directory of the generated airport object. eg:
cd AirportObj/w060s40/w059s38/
:(Your path should be consistent with the coordinates of your airport)
* Rename the .ind file with a .stg extension. eg:
mv 1984723.ind 1984723.stg
* Get back to the AirportObj directory:
cd ../../
* Start FlightGear with the current directory as the scenery path and loacted on your new airport (change ABCD with the icao code of your airport):
fgfs --fg-scenery=. --aircraft=ufo --airport=ABCD

And that's it!

Piper Aerostar

2010-02-06T02:16:38Z

Barta: Added a mini-howto

{{infobox Aircraft
|image =Aerostar_700.jpg
|alt =Aerostar Super 700
|name =Aerostar 700
|authors =Syd Adams
|type =Civilian aircraft
|fdm =YASim
|status =Development
|fgname =<tt>aerostar700</tt>
|download =http://flightgear.org/Downloads/aircraft/#Aerostar-700
|ratingfdm =5
|ratingexterior =5
|ratingcockpit =5
|ratingsounds =4
}}
The Piper Aerostar or Ted Smith Aerostar is an American twin-engined propeller-driven executive or light transport aircraft, designed by Ted R. Smith. It was originally built by Ted Smith Aircraft Company, which after 1987 became part of the Piper Aircraft Corporation.

==Variants==
Currently only one variant is modeled in FlightGear:
* '''700 Superstar:''' prototype of stretched fuselage variant with two IO-540M engines

[[Image:Aerostar_700_Cockpit.jpg|thumb|270px|The [[cockpit]] of an Aerostar 700]]

== Mini-HOWTO ==
This mini-howto is based on my personal experience flying this beautiful plane (sadly, only in FlightGear, never in real life...).

Please feel free to add content or correct whatever you think is wrong.

==== Start Up ====
* Turn on the battery switch and both alternators. The switches are the first 3 from the left of the panel.
* Start the engines turning the engine switches to the right (press ctrl-c to see the hotspots), and keep them pressed until the engine start.

==== Take Off ====

Because of the small wing area of the Aerostar, it's not recommended to take off without flaps. The airplane will seem to roll forever!

* Flaps: 20° (2nd notch) or 30° (3rd notch), depending on field length.
* Throttle: Full
* Propeller: High RPM.
* Mixture: Rich
* Rotate: 80-100 kts depending on flaps settings.

Let the aircraft accelerate past 140 kts before retracting flaps.

=== Climb ===

* Flaps: up
* Throttle: 32~35 ingh
* Propeller: 2500~2600 rpm
* Mixture: reduce until fuel flow is around 32gph
* Climb Rate: 1500~1700 fpm @160~180 kts

With full throttle and propeller, a climb rate of 2000+ fpm can be attained.

=== Cruise ===
Level the plane at desired altitude and trim the elevator. You should get to 217+ kts in no time ;-)

=== Approach ===

Due to the small wing area and the high speed of this airplane, early speed reduction is a must.

Slowly, reduce throttle to (almost)idle and pitch up to reduce speed without loosing too much altitude. Around 190 kts, start applying flaps (up to the 3rd notch).

Try to keep a descent rate of 1500~2000 fps and speed around 150 kts.

=== Landing ===

A circuit-landing on a short strip:
* 140 kts at downwind, leveled, flaps at 30° (3rd notch), mixture rich and propeller at full RPM.
* Apply full flaps, and reach base with 125 kts before turn.
* Reduce power and pitch up to reach final at 110 kts.
* Touch down at 90~100 kts.

On a longer strip, you could do a similar procedure without applying full flaps (ie: at 30°), reaching final arround 130 kts, and touch down at 120kts.

== External Links ==
* [http://www.aerostaraircraft.com/Specs.html Aerostar Specifications]
* [http://www.pilotfriend.com/flight_reports/reports/aerostar.htm Aerostar Pilot Flight Test]

{{Piper}}

== Related lists ==
* [[Aircraft]]
* [[Aircraft Todo]]

[[Category:Aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft TODO]]
[[Category:Civilian aircraft]]
[[Category:Twin Engine Piston]]