Piper PA34-200T Seneca II
Introduction
This is a model of a Piper PA34-200T Seneneca II. The Seneca is made by Piper since the early 1970's and some 4500 were made since then. It has six seats in a pretty large cabin, two turbocharged counterrotating engines producing 200hp up to 12,000 ft. It cruises at 170ktas in 12,000ft at 65% power. Certification for flights into known icing conditions and the nice single engine behaviour made the Seneca a popular multi engine trainer.
The model was built using the Pilots Operating Handbook, a real Seneca (D-GEJL) and some flight performance data derived in real flights.
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General
Engines
Number of Engines | 2 |
Engine Manufacturer | Continental |
Engine Model Number | (L)TSIO-360EB |
Rated Horsepower | Sea Lever: 200, 12,000ft.: 215 |
Rated Speed (rpm) | 2575 |
Bore (inches) | 4.438 |
Stroke (inches) | 3.875 |
Displacement (cubic inches) | 360 |
Compression Ratio | 7.5:1 |
Engine Type | Six Cylinder, Direct Drive, Horizontally Opposed, Air Cooled |
Propellers
Number of Propellers | 2 |
Propeller Manufacturer | Hartzell |
Number of Blades | 2 |
Propeller Diameter | Maximum: 76 inches, Minimum: 75 inches |
Propeller Type | Constant Speed, Hydraulically Actuated, Full Feathering |
Fuel
Fuel Capacity (U.S.gal) (total) | 128 |
Usable Fuel (U.S.gal) (total) | 123 |
Minumum Grade | 100 Green or 100LL Blue Aviation Grade |
Oil
Oil Capacity (U.S.quarts) (per engine) | 8 |
Maximum Weights
Maximum Takeoff Weight (lbs) | 4570 |
Maximum Landing Weight (lbs) | 4362 |
Maximum Zero Fuel Weight (lbs) - Standard | 4000 |
Maximum Weight in Baggage Compartment (lbs) | Forward: 100, Aft: 100 |
Standard Airplane Weights
Standard Empty Weight (lbs): Weight of a standard airplane including unusable fuel, full operating fluids and full oil. | 2823 |
Maximum Useful Load (lbs): The difference between the Maximum Takeoff Weight and the Standard Empty Weight. (All weight in excess off 4000lbs must consist of fuel) | 1747 |
Specific Loadings
Wing Loading (lbs per sq ft) | 22 |
Power Loading (lbs per hp) | Sea Level: 11.4 - 12,000ft: 10.6 |
Limitations
Airspeed Limitations
Speed | KIAS | KCAS |
Never Exceed Speed (VNE) - Do not exceed this speed in any operation | 195 | 195 |
Maximum Structural Cruising Speed (VNO) - Do not exceed this speed except in smooth air and then only with caution. | 163 | 165 |
Design Maneuvering Speed (VA) - Do not make full or abrupt control movements above this speed. | ||
At 4570 LBS G.W. | 136 | 138 |
At 3068 LBS G.W. | 121 | 122 |
CAUTION Maneuvering speed decreases at lighter weight as the effects of aerodynamic forces become more pronounced. Linear interpolation may be used for imtermediate gross weights. maneuvering speed should not be exceeded while operating in rough air. | ||
Maximum Flaps Extended Speed (VFE) - Do not exceed this speed with flaps extended. | 107 | 109 |
Maximum Gear Extended Speed (VLE) - Do not exceed this speed with landing gear extended | 129 | 130 |
Maximum Landing Gear Extending Speed (VLO) - Do not extend landing gear above this speed | 129 | 130 |
Maximum Landing Gear Retracting Speed (VLO) - Do not retract landing gear above this speed | 107 | 109 |
Air Minimum Control Speed (VMC) - Lowes airspeed at which airplane is controllable with one engine operating and no flaps | 66 | 69 |
Best Single Engine Rate of Climb Speed | 89 | 90 |
Airspeed Indicator Markings
Marking | KIAS |
---|---|
Green Arc (Normal Operating Range) | 63 to 163 |
Yellow Arc (Caution Range - Smooth Air) | 163 to 195 |
White Arc (Flaps Extended Range) | 61 to 107 |
Radial Red Line (Never Exceed - Smooth Air) | 195 |
Radial Red Line (Minimum Control Speed - Single Engine) | 66 |
Radial Blue Line (Best Rate of Climb Speed - Single Engine) | 89 |
Power Plang Limitations
Power Plant Instrument Markings
Center of Gravity Limits
Maneuver Limits
Flight Load Factor Limits
Types of Operations
Fuel Limitations
Gyro Pressuer Limits
Flight Into Known Icing Conditions
Operating Altitude Limitations
Development status/Issues/Todo
FDM (JSBSim):
- poor single engine performance
- no EGT indication - EGT is to low
- supercharger code not realistic on low rpm
- fuel source not switchable or cuttable
FDM (YASim)
- not converging
Electrical system
- Master switch no electrical function
- Generator L/H and R/H produce the same output when on
Autopilot
- Just interfacing the generic AP, Altimatic IIIC not implemented
- LOC NORM and LOC REV not implemented
- ILS not implemented
Avionics
- GMA340: on some buttons, the first click after program start gets lost
General:
- engine sound in cockpit does not differ from outside engine sound
- animations of structural icing on wings, stabilizer, fin, etc.missing