Dornier 328: Difference between revisions

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{{infobox Aircraft
{{infobox Aircraft
|image = Dornier328.2.jpg
|image = Dornier328.2.jpg
|name = Fairchild Dornier 328TP
|name = Fairchild Dornier 328-1XX (-100; -110, -120, -130) Turboprop
|type = Airliner
|type = Airliner
|livery = SkyWork, Dornier TAC1, Default, Private
|livery = SkyWork, Dornier TAC1, Dornier TAC3, Dornier TAC4, Sun of Scandinavia, United Express, Air A!ps
|liverydbid =  
|liverydbid =  
|authors = Heiko Schulz (3D model/FDM), Syd Adams (Flightdirector, Primus Avionic)
|authors = Heiko Schulz (3D model, FDM)/Daniel Overbeck (Systems like Electrical; PFD, MFD, EICAS Display)/C. Le Moigne (CDU from CitationX)
|fdm = YASim
|fdm = JSBSim
|status-fdm    = 3
|status-systems = 3
|status-cockpit = 4
|status-model  = 5
|fgname = do328-110
|note          = "Available on FGAddon when ready"
|download =
}}
 
{{infobox Aircraft
|image = Dornier_328-300_(Jet).jpg
|name = Fairchild Dornier 328-3XX (-300, -310; Envoy) Jet
|type = Airliner
|livery = ADAC, Dornier TAC2, Sun of Scandinavia, United Express, Greed Fictional
|liverydbid =
|authors = Heiko Schulz (3D model, FDM)/Daniel Overbeck (Systems like Electrical; PFD, MFD, EICAS Display)/C. Le Moigne (CDU from CitationX)
|fdm = JSBSim
|status-fdm    = 2
|status-fdm    = 2
|status-systems = 2
|status-systems = 3
|status-cockpit = 3
|status-cockpit = 4
|status-model  = 4
|status-model  = 5
|fgname = do328
|fgname = do328-300
|download = www.notavailableyet-missingcockpit.org
|note          = "Available on FGAddon when ready"
|download =  
}}
}}


[[File:DO328 CopilotView.jpg |thumb|270px |Latest progress: view from the CoPilot]]
[[File:DO328 JumpseatView.jpg  |thumb|270px |Latest progress: Jumpseat View showing the canvas displays]]
[[File:DO328 Cockpit1.jpg|thumb|270px |Latest progress: cockpit overview - the sunvisors are adjustable!]]
[[File:DO328 PropCenterPedestal.jpg|thumb|270px |Latest progress: center pedestal of the Turboprop]]
[[File:DO328 Placards.jpg|thumb|270px |Latest progress: redable Safety Placards]]
[[File:Dornier 328 First Prototype.jpg|thumb|270px |First prototype of Dornier 328 in its House colors- model before prop had been textured but I do like the sky in the background and the light effect on the tail]]
[[File:Dornier 328 First Prototype.jpg|thumb|270px |First prototype of Dornier 328 in its House colors- model before prop had been textured but I do like the sky in the background and the light effect on the tail]]
[[File:Dornier328.jpg|thumb|270px |Dornier 328 TurboProp exterior model in Skywork Airlines colors, current state at 08/20/2013]]
[[File:Dornier 328 above the autrian alps.jpg|thumb|270px |upper side of the Dornier 328, showing wing structure]]
[[File:Dornier 328 above the autrian alps.jpg|thumb||270px |upper side of the Dornier 328, showing wing structure]]
[[File:DO328 Multiple Lightmaps.jpg|thumb|270px|Testing the multiple lightmap feature.]]
[[File:DO328 Multiple Lightmaps.jpg|thumb|270px|Testing the multiple lightmap feature.]]
[[File:DO328LatestPanelDev.png|thumb|270px |[11/19/2013] flightdeck progress- PFD and MFD working; working throttle quadrant, nearly working autoflight panel- still a lot to do]]
 


The '''Dornier 328''' [[aircraft]] is a shortrange commuter, developed and built by [[Dornier|Dornier]]. It was the last flying aircraft made by Dornier, and the last airliner completely developed and built in Germany.
The '''Dornier 328''' [[aircraft]] is a shortrange commuter, developed and built by [[Dornier|Dornier]]. It was the last flying aircraft made by Dornier, and the last airliner completely developed and built in Germany.


The FlightGear model is currently in development, simulating the Dornier 328-110 with ground spoilers with and without APU.
The FlightGear model is currently in development, simulating the Dornier 328-110 Turboprop with ground spoilers and the Dornier 328-300 Jet. It features a realistic fdm, detailed PFD, MFD and EICAS displays with many subpages, a realistic electrical systems and has an incredible good framerate. A very detailed cockpit is in progress and will feature ALS shadows and lightmaps. It will have the same good quality like the [[EC135|EC135 P2]] and [[Cessna 182S|Cessna 182 S]], with comparable good framerate!


Special Thanks to the user Groucho from the FlightGear forums, who made it possible for me look into the flight manual! Also thanks to the author of the 747-200 which showed mo how to deal with the FDM problem.
Special Thanks to the user Groucho from the FlightGear forums, who made it possible for me look into the flight manual! Also special thanks to xcvb85 who is programming the systems and is responsible for the great Canvas displays and systems!
 
__TOC__


== NOTAM ==
== NOTAM ==
# Finally back! WIP 07/07/2015: new JSBSim-FDM witch finally matches [[Aircraft speed#V speeds|V speeds]] (V<sub>R</sub>, V<sub>Ref</sub>, ...) together with pitch attitudes and AOA - matches POH pretty well! Unfortunately the rating system doesn't reflect this.
# Landing estimated late summer 2015
# Please regard FlightGear's etiquette: contact the authors first you help and contribute - this helps to prevent chaos in developing, since the efforts can be coordinated.


# # Please regard FlightGear's etiquette: contact the authors first you help and contribute - this helps to prevent chaos in developing, since the efforts can be coordinated.


__TOC__


== History ==
== History ==
Line 48: Line 69:
When Fairchild-Dornier went bankrupt, the production of the Dornier 328 had been stopped in 2005, only 217 aircraft (prop and jet version) had been built, plus 3 prototypes.   
When Fairchild-Dornier went bankrupt, the production of the Dornier 328 had been stopped in 2005, only 217 aircraft (prop and jet version) had been built, plus 3 prototypes.   


=== Variants ===
=== Variants in real life===
There are 4 Turboprop- variants available, and 3 Jet variants:
There are 4 Turboprop- variants available, and 3 Jet variants:
* Dornier 328-100 (basic version, 33 passengers, Pratt & Whitney Canada PW119)  
* Dornier 328-100 (basic version, 33 passengers, Pratt & Whitney Canada PW119)  
Line 57: Line 78:
Ground spoilers and APU were optional on all turboprop variants
Ground spoilers and APU were optional on all turboprop variants


* Dornier 328-300/ 328JET (jet driven version)
* Dornier 328-300/-310/ 328JET (jet driven version)
* Dornier 328 Envoy 3 (Business Jet version)
* Dornier 328 Envoy 3 (Business Jet version)
* Dornier 328DBJ (Replacement of the Envoy 3 with a larger cabin)
* Dornier 328DBJ (Replacement of the Envoy 3 with a larger cabin)


== Development notes ==
== Development notes ==
=== Completed already ===
=== Features ===
JSBSim FDM is currently in re-work again.
==== FDM ====
* Realistic JSBSim fdm, matching AoA, Climbrates and [[Aircraft speed#V speeds|V speeds]] based on following Data:


Data used for the FDM:
<ref>datas like wing incidence, CoG, etc.... from the Original Flight Manual Dornier 328-100</ref>
 
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1995/1995%20-%203235.html |title=Pilot report |publisher=www.flightglobal.com }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://compair.aviationresearch.com/database_files/TheImage_41.pdf |title=Pilot report 2 |publisher=compair.aviationresearch.com }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.skybrary.aero/bookshelf/books/1285.pdf |title= Accident report |publisher=www.skybrary.aero }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.caa.co.uk/docs/1455/SRG_FLT_CFS_284_Issue1_27072006.pdf |title= some stall speeds |publisher=http://www.caa.co.uk }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfu-web.de/DE/Publikationen/Untersuchungsberichte/2001/Bericht_1X004-0.01.pdf?__blob=publicationFile |title= Accident Report Bremen 2001 |publisher= BFU Germany }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfu-web.de/DE/Publikationen/Untersuchungsberichte/2004/Bericht_04_5X001-0-DO328-Saarbruecken.pdf?__blob=publicationFile |title= Accident report Saarbrücken |publisher=BFU Germany }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.easa.eu.int/certification/type-certificates/docs/aircrafts/EASA-TCDS-A.096_DORNIER_328_Series-04-01082011.pdf |title= EASA Type certification |publisher=EASA }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=https://assets.digital.cabinet-office.gov.uk/media/5423016ce5274a1314000aa1/Dornier_328_100__TF-CSB_1-08.pdf |title= Accident report Aberdeen  }}</ref>
<ref>datas like wing incidence from the Original Flight Manual Dornier 328-100</ref>
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfu-web.de/DE/Publikationen/Untersuchungsberichte/2008/Bericht_08_1X001_DO328_Mannheim_RE.pdf?__blob=publicationFile |title= Accident report Mannheim in german language  }}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1995/1995%20-%203235.html |title=Pilot report |publisher=www.flightglobal.com }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://compair.aviationresearch.com/database_files/TheImage_41.pdf |title=Pilot report 2 |publisher=compair.aviationresearch.com }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.skybrary.aero/bookshelf/books/1285.pdf |title= Accident report |publisher=www.skybrary.aero }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.caa.co.uk/docs/1455/SRG_FLT_CFS_284_Issue1_27072006.pdf |title= some stall speeds |publisher=http://www.caa.co.uk }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfu-web.de/nn_41544/DE/Publikationen/Untersuchungsberichte/2001/Bericht__1X004-0.01,templateId=raw,property=publicationFile.pdf/Bericht_1X004-0.pdf |title= Accident Report Bremen 2001 |publisher= BFU Germany }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfu-web.de/cln_030/nn_223970/DE/Publikationen/Untersuchungsberichte/2004/Bericht__04__5X001-0-DO328-Saarbr_C3_BCcken,templateId=raw,property=publicationFile.pdf/Bericht_04_5X001-0-DO328-Saarbrücken.pdf |title= Accident report Saarbrücken |publisher=BFU Germany }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.easa.eu.int/certification/type-certificates/docs/aircrafts/EASA-TCDS-A.096_DORNIER_328_Series-04-01082011.pdf |title= EASA Type certification |publisher=EASA }}</ref> <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rnf.is/media/skyrslur/2006/M-04106_AIG-21_TF-CSB__Lokaskyrsla_AAIB_UK.pdf |title= Accident report Aberdeen |publisher=AAIB }}</ref>  
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfu-web.de/EN/Publications/Investigation%20Report/2008/Report_08_1X001_DO328_Mannheim_RE.pdf?__blob=publicationFile |title= Accident report Mannheim in english language  }}</ref>  
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flashcardmachine.com/dornier.html | title= Real life procedures |publisher=flashcardgame }}</ref>  
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flashcardmachine.com/dornier.html | title= Real life procedures |publisher=flashcardgame }}</ref>  


==== Exterior ====
==== Systems ====
*''' [11/19/2013]:''' Textured and animated props, improvements to landing gear, small updates to liveries
* Complex EFIS with many EICAS pages (but still not finished)
* Complex RMU with many features (but still not finished)
* Electrical System: Complex system which also simulates currents and bus ties
* Pressurization System:  Nothing special


==== Interior ====
====328-1XX (Prop)====
*''' [11/19/2013]:''' Flightdeck progress- PFD and MFD working; working throttle quadrant, nearly working autoflight panel
* accurate 3d-model based on original drawings with many details like static discharge antennas, animation of each prop blade, latest shaders with dynamic reflections, rain and lightmaps (landinglight, logolight, winglight, beacon)
* correct size of tires (different to Jet version)
* correct animation of groundspoiler
* Ice shield on fuselage modelled
* realistic wing flex
* Flightdeck progress- PFD and MFD working; working throttle quadrant, autoflight panel in progress
* paintkit for Inkscape
* 3 different realistic liveries and one blank livery


==== Autoflight ====
====328-3XX (Jet)====
*''' [11/19/2013]:''' Added autoflight system from Syd's Citation X
* accurate 3d-model based on original drawings with many details like static discharge antennas, latest shaders with dynamic reflections, rain and lightmaps (landinglight, logolight, winglight, beacon)
* correct size of tires (different to Prop version)
* realistic wing flex
* paintkit for Inkscape
* 2 different liveries


== To-do list ==
== To-do list ==
=== Near term tasks ===
=== Near term tasks ===
==== FDM ====
==== FDM ====
# Tuning engine and prop files so it will match the published testflight datas for climb rates and speeds.
# 328-1xx Prop: Fine Tuning engine and prop files for fuel and take off distance so it will match the published datas from FM.
# Correct groundspoiler logic
# Correct groundspoiler logic (missing dependency on condition lever, different logic on jet version)
# Simulating roll spoiler
# Simulating roll spoiler (starts at aileron deflection > 4°)
# Reduce braking force of landing gear to match real landing distances
# Simulating latch of throttle
# Simulate latch of throttle


==== Finishing the flightdeck ====
==== Finishing the flightdeck ====
Line 93: Line 128:
# Overhead Panel with fully 3d models knobs, switches, warning lights
# Overhead Panel with fully 3d models knobs, switches, warning lights
# Center Pedestal
# Center Pedestal
# EICAS page(s) &rarr; canvas??
# Adding small details (pencils, placards...)
# Adding small details (pencils, placards...)


==== Systems ====
==== Systems ====
# Autoflight:  More tuning, change systems to act like real thing
# Autoflight:  More tuning, implement armed mode, add remaining operation modes
# Electrical System:  Find out which devices are connected to which bus
# Fuel system:  Pumps and valves missing
# Bleed air:  Not even started
# Anti ice:  Also missing


==== 3D-model ====
==== 3D-model ====
# Realistic wing flex
# Optimize  for Rembrandt (No-shadow tags, lights)
# Optimize  for Rembrandt (No-shadow tags, lights)
# Realistic sounds
# Realistic sounds
# Dummy cabin so you can't look through the fuselage anymore


==== Dornier 328-300/JET ====
==== Dornier 328-300/JET ====
# Creating the 328JET fdm
# Modifying the exterior model to the Jet version
# Modifiying the flightdeck to jet version (Overhead panel, center pedestal, Primus 2000 EICAS)
# Modifiying the flightdeck to jet version (Overhead panel, center pedestal, Primus 2000 EICAS)


Line 122: Line 156:


[[Category:Airliners]]
[[Category:Airliners]]
[[Category:Twin-engined aircraft]]
[[Category:Twin-engine aircraft]]

Revision as of 19:55, 7 April 2018

Fairchild Dornier 328-1XX (-100; -110, -120, -130) Turboprop
Dornier328.2.jpg
Type Airliner
Author(s)
  • Heiko Schulz (3D model, FDM)
  • Daniel Overbeck (Systems like Electrical; PFD, MFD, EICAS Display)
  • C. Le Moigne (CDU from CitationX)
FDM JSBSim
--aircraft= do328-110
Status Early production
 FDM Stars-3.png
 Systems Stars-3.png
 Cockpit Stars-4.png
 Model Stars-5.png
Fairchild Dornier 328-3XX (-300, -310; Envoy) Jet
Dornier 328-300 (Jet).jpg
Type Airliner
Author(s)
  • Heiko Schulz (3D model, FDM)
  • Daniel Overbeck (Systems like Electrical; PFD, MFD, EICAS Display)
  • C. Le Moigne (CDU from CitationX)
FDM JSBSim
--aircraft= do328-300
Status Early production
 FDM Stars-2.png
 Systems Stars-3.png
 Cockpit Stars-4.png
 Model Stars-5.png
Latest progress: view from the CoPilot
Latest progress: Jumpseat View showing the canvas displays
Latest progress: cockpit overview - the sunvisors are adjustable!
Latest progress: center pedestal of the Turboprop
Latest progress: redable Safety Placards
First prototype of Dornier 328 in its House colors- model before prop had been textured but I do like the sky in the background and the light effect on the tail
upper side of the Dornier 328, showing wing structure
Testing the multiple lightmap feature.


The Dornier 328 aircraft is a shortrange commuter, developed and built by Dornier. It was the last flying aircraft made by Dornier, and the last airliner completely developed and built in Germany.

The FlightGear model is currently in development, simulating the Dornier 328-110 Turboprop with ground spoilers and the Dornier 328-300 Jet. It features a realistic fdm, detailed PFD, MFD and EICAS displays with many subpages, a realistic electrical systems and has an incredible good framerate. A very detailed cockpit is in progress and will feature ALS shadows and lightmaps. It will have the same good quality like the EC135 P2 and Cessna 182 S, with comparable good framerate!

Special Thanks to the user Groucho from the FlightGear forums, who made it possible for me look into the flight manual! Also special thanks to xcvb85 who is programming the systems and is responsible for the great Canvas displays and systems!

NOTAM

  1. # Please regard FlightGear's etiquette: contact the authors first you help and contribute - this helps to prevent chaos in developing, since the efforts can be coordinated.


History

The development has been started back in the 1980s as successor for the Dornier 228. Dornier found that there was a market for a 33-passenger aircraft, so they created an aircraft with a complete round fuselage and the TNT-wing (Tragflügel neuer Technologie = Wing of New Technology) of the Dornier 228.

Development started December 1988; its maiden flight was on December 6, 1991 and in October 1993 was certified.

The aircraft had been developed for high climb rate and high speed, but short landing which was possible due the wing and the new developed propeller. As non-typical for this class of aircraft the flight deck has been fitted with 5 Displays from the Honeywell Primus 2000 avionic. The cabin was very comfortable for its class, as it was wide and round, and there was an active electronic noise suppression, giving a jet-like feeling.

In the 90s turboprop aircraft were unpopular, as flight companies preferred smaller jets. So Fairchild-Dornier developed the Dornier 328 JET, a jet driven version of the Dornier 328. There had been larger versions of this aircraft planned: Dornier 428 and 528, stretched versions of the Dornier 328, but these were never built.

When Fairchild-Dornier went bankrupt, the production of the Dornier 328 had been stopped in 2005, only 217 aircraft (prop and jet version) had been built, plus 3 prototypes.

Variants in real life

There are 4 Turboprop- variants available, and 3 Jet variants:

  • Dornier 328-100 (basic version, 33 passengers, Pratt & Whitney Canada PW119)
  • Dornier 328-110 (increased MTOW by 350kg, increased range), Pratt & Whitney Canada PW119B)
  • Dornier 328-120 (special short range equipment)
  • Dornier 328-130 (higher speed, improved rudder, Pratt & Whitney Canada PW119C)

Ground spoilers and APU were optional on all turboprop variants

  • Dornier 328-300/-310/ 328JET (jet driven version)
  • Dornier 328 Envoy 3 (Business Jet version)
  • Dornier 328DBJ (Replacement of the Envoy 3 with a larger cabin)

Development notes

Features

FDM

  • Realistic JSBSim fdm, matching AoA, Climbrates and V speeds based on following Data:

[1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12]

Systems

  • Complex EFIS with many EICAS pages (but still not finished)
  • Complex RMU with many features (but still not finished)
  • Electrical System: Complex system which also simulates currents and bus ties
  • Pressurization System: Nothing special

328-1XX (Prop)

  • accurate 3d-model based on original drawings with many details like static discharge antennas, animation of each prop blade, latest shaders with dynamic reflections, rain and lightmaps (landinglight, logolight, winglight, beacon)
  • correct size of tires (different to Jet version)
  • correct animation of groundspoiler
  • Ice shield on fuselage modelled
  • realistic wing flex
  • Flightdeck progress- PFD and MFD working; working throttle quadrant, autoflight panel in progress
  • paintkit for Inkscape
  • 3 different realistic liveries and one blank livery

328-3XX (Jet)

  • accurate 3d-model based on original drawings with many details like static discharge antennas, latest shaders with dynamic reflections, rain and lightmaps (landinglight, logolight, winglight, beacon)
  • correct size of tires (different to Prop version)
  • realistic wing flex
  • paintkit for Inkscape
  • 2 different liveries

To-do list

Near term tasks

FDM

  1. 328-1xx Prop: Fine Tuning engine and prop files for fuel and take off distance so it will match the published datas from FM.
  2. Correct groundspoiler logic (missing dependency on condition lever, different logic on jet version)
  3. Simulating roll spoiler (starts at aileron deflection > 4°)
  4. Simulating latch of throttle

Finishing the flightdeck

  1. Working autoflight panel
  2. Overhead Panel with fully 3d models knobs, switches, warning lights
  3. Center Pedestal
  4. Adding small details (pencils, placards...)

Systems

  1. Autoflight: More tuning, implement armed mode, add remaining operation modes
  2. Electrical System: Find out which devices are connected to which bus
  3. Fuel system: Pumps and valves missing
  4. Bleed air: Not even started
  5. Anti ice: Also missing

3D-model

  1. Optimize for Rembrandt (No-shadow tags, lights)
  2. Realistic sounds

Dornier 328-300/JET

  1. Modifiying the flightdeck to jet version (Overhead panel, center pedestal, Primus 2000 EICAS)

Mid term tasks

  1. Add cabin

Long term tasks

All that is left

References
  1. datas like wing incidence, CoG, etc.... from the Original Flight Manual Dornier 328-100
  2. Pilot report. Published by www.flightglobal.com.
  3. Pilot report 2. Published by compair.aviationresearch.com.
  4. Accident report. Published by www.skybrary.aero.
  5. some stall speeds. Published by http://www.caa.co.uk.
  6. Accident Report Bremen 2001. Published by BFU Germany.
  7. Accident report Saarbrücken. Published by BFU Germany.
  8. EASA Type certification. Published by EASA.
  9. Accident report Aberdeen.
  10. Accident report Mannheim in german language.
  11. Accident report Mannheim in english language.
  12. Real life procedures. Published by flashcardgame.