Building FlightGear - Debian: Difference between revisions

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Building FlightGear - Debian (view source)

Revision as of 22:33, 4 February 2011

2,989 bytes removed ,  4 February 2011
Reviewed for upcoming releases of FG 2.2.0 and Debian Squeeze
(Reviewed for upcoming releases of FG 2.2.0 and Debian Squeeze)
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= HowTo build on Debian =
= HowTo build on Debian =
HowTo build FlightGear 2.2.0 or bleeding edge development version, hereinafter simply called ''GIT'', on GNU/Linux Debian '''Stable''' 6.x (Squeeze) and '''Testing'''/'''Unstable''' (Wheezy).


HowTo build FlightGear 2.0.0 or GIT on GNU/Linux Debian '''Stable''' 5.x (Lenny).
Even on Debian '''Oldstable''' 5.x (Lenny) this guide will work for both, 2.2.0 and GIT. At least until one or more dependencies of the GIT version are changing or beening added.
 
This HowTo may also work with '''Testing'''/'''Unstable''' except that some things are easier because of more up to date packages. So, before fetching something check the version of the available -dev package for it.
 
It even *should* work with '''Etch''', but I am not certain about some dependencies. [http://wiki.flightgear.org/index.php?title=Talk:Building_Flightgear_-_Debian&action=edit Reports] are welcome.


If you don't want to make your hands dirty, have a look at [[Scripted_Compilation_on_Linux_Debian/Ubuntu]].
If you don't want to make your hands dirty, have a look at [[Scripted_Compilation_on_Linux_Debian/Ubuntu]].
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*cmake  (min. version 2.6.0-5, for Etch available on backports.debian.org!)
*cmake  (min. version 2.6.0-5, for Etch available on backports.debian.org!)
*git, subversion, wget
*git, subversion, wget
<!--*libsvn-dev, for [[Terrasync]]s proper operation.-->
*freeglut3-dev, libgl1-mesa-dev, libxrandr-dev
*freeglut3-dev, libgl1-mesa-dev, libxrandr-dev
*libxi-dev, libxmu-dev, libxext-dev
*libxi-dev, libxmu-dev, libxext-dev
*libopenal-dev (see [[#libopenal|libopenal]]), libalut-dev
*libopenal-dev (for Lenny see [[#libopenal|libopenal]]), libalut-dev
*libjpeg62-dev, libtiff4-dev, libpng12-dev
*libjpeg62-dev, libtiff4-dev, libpng12-dev
*libboost1.37-dev (min 1.37, 1.40 available for Lenny on backports.debian.org)
*libboost1.37-dev (min 1.37, 1.40 available for Lenny on backports.debian.org)
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== Build and install ==
== Build and install ==
Because we are going to install versions different to the ones in the repositries it is recommended to install FG-2.0.0 and/or GIT in a place independent to the base system such as /usr/local/FG-2.0.0, /opt/FG-2.0.0 or in a subdirectory of your $HOME. I suggest to make it writeable by the user that there is no need to become root for the <code>make install</code> commands. I'll use <code>$prefix</code> as a placeholder for this directory. <BR>
Because we are going to install versions different to the ones in the repositries it is recommended to install FG-2.2.0 and/or GIT in a place independent to the base system such as /usr/local/FG-2.2.0, /opt/FG-2.2.0 or in a subdirectory of your $HOME. I suggest to make it writeable by the user that there is no need to become root for the <code>make install</code> commands. I'll use <code>$prefix</code> as a placeholder for this directory. <BR>
Another one will be <code>$srcdir</code>, it stands for the absolute path to the directory which contains the folders of the various source codes. So in the following instructions you have to replace these with the local paths or even <code>export</code> them during the process.
Another one will be <code>$srcdir</code>, it stands for the absolute path to the directory which contains the folders of the various source codes. So in the following instructions you have to replace these with the local paths or even <code>export</code> them during the process.


Follow the instructions to fetch the sources and the data needed by FlightGear and the commands to build/install each source.
Follow the instructions to fetch the sources and the data needed by FlightGear and the commands to build/install each source.


Have in mind that the data is relatively large (GIT about 3.5 GB and 2.0.0 300 MB) so, to save some time, it is a good idea to fetch it while building the sources.
Have in mind that the data is a relatively large download (GIT about 3.5 GB and 2.2.0 300 MB). So, to save some time, it is a good idea to fetch it while building the sources.
 
For some basic info on git commands for FlightGear users we have a [[Git#For_dummies|git for dummies]] section.




=== libopenal ===
=== libopenal ===
The libopenal-dev package in Lenny/Etch is too old for [[fgcom]]. For FlightGear it does work but not all features (like Doppler) are available, so installing an up to date version is recommended anyway.
'''Lenny only!''' The libopenal-dev package in Lenny is too old for [[fgcom]]. For FlightGear it does work but not all features (like doppler) are available, so installing an up to date version is recommended anyway.
  cd $srcdir
  cd $srcdir
  wget http://kcat.strangesoft.net/openal-releases/openal-soft-1.11.753.tar.bz2
  wget http://kcat.strangesoft.net/openal-releases/openal-soft-1.11.753.tar.bz2
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  cmake  -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" ..
  cmake  -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" ..
  make install
  make install


=== plib ===
=== plib ===
Latest SVN is [http://www.mail-archive.com/flightgear-devel@lists.sourceforge.net/msg20793.html recommended], yet package plib1.8.5-dev for Testing/Unstable does work as well.
Latest SVN is [http://www.mail-archive.com/flightgear-devel@lists.sourceforge.net/msg20793.html recommended], yet package plib1.8.5-dev for Squeeze does work as well.
  cd $srcdir
  cd $srcdir
  svn co https://plib.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/plib/trunk plib
  svn co https://plib.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/plib/trunk plib
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  make install
  make install


=== Boost Library ===
Version 1.37 is needed. At least for Lenny/Etch this means getting the sources because this is not available atm on backports.org. Testing/Unstable users may have more luck and a package is available, libboost-1.37-dev or newer.
To build SimGear, FlightGear, fgrun and fgcom some boostlib header files are required, no need to compile and install it. If you have installed a libboost1.37-dev (or higher) package on your system you don't have to bother at all with it. If not, you have to tell each ./configure where the header files are. To do so, add the option <code>CPPFLAGS=-I$prefix/include</code> to the SimGear, FlightGear and fgrun <code>./configure</code> commands. We copy the header files to $prefix/include because fgcom will need them there.
Get the newest version tar ball from http://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/, extract it into <code>$srcdir</code> then:
cp -R $srcdir/boost-[version]/boost/ $prefix/include/
Alternatively, you can directly extract the required include files:
tar xvf boost_1_37_0.tar.bz2 -C $prefix/include --strip 1 --wildcards --no-wildcards-match-slash '*/boost'


=== OpenSceneGraph ===
=== OpenSceneGraph ===
For FlightGear 2.0.0 one may use the latest (or at least 2.9.6) developer release from http://www.openscenegraph.org/projects/osg/wiki/Downloads/DeveloperReleases and extract it into <code>$srcdir</code>.
<u>2.2.0 only:</u>
cd $srcdir
svn co -r 12072 http://www.openscenegraph.org/svn/osg/OpenSceneGraph/trunk OpenSceneGraph


Mostly this is ok for FlightGear GIT as well as it is stable. However, sometimes the release is not fresh enough and one have to get the latest developments via SVN:
<u>GIT only:</u>
Mostly the latest revision from OpenSceneGraph svn does suit. However, sometimes this does not work and as a fallback one can go backwards through the revisions.<BR>
At the moment (February 2011) this is the case. '''Highest reported working revision is 12072''', checkout the source as shown above at ''2.2.0 only''.
  cd $srcdir
  cd $srcdir
  svn co http://www.openscenegraph.org/svn/osg/OpenSceneGraph/trunk OpenSceneGraph
  svn co http://www.openscenegraph.org/svn/osg/OpenSceneGraph/trunk OpenSceneGraph


cmake demands a build directory separate to its source directory. So <code>mkdir</code> one and <code>cd</code> into it.
<u>2.2.0 and GIT:</u>
mkdir osg-build && cd osg-build
  cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="Release" -D CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O3" -D CMAKE_C_FLAGS="-O3" \
  cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE="Release" -D CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O3" -D CMAKE_C_FLAGS="-O3" \
     -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" $srcdir/OpenSceneGraph[-version]
     -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH="$prefix" $srcdir/OpenSceneGraph
  make install
  make install




== Note ==
== Note ==
''From this point forward when providing the "LDFLAGS" string, you should use the path specific to your installation. For 32-bit installations this will probably be the path ending in /lib. In a 64-bit installation, this '''may''' be the path ending in /lib64, but doesn't have to be. You must verify this for your build, because you do not have to include both paths in the following compilations.''
From this point forward when providing the "LDFLAGS" string, you should use the path specific to your installation. For 32-bit installations this will probably be the path ending in /lib. In a 64-bit installation, this '''may''' be the path ending in /lib64, but doesn't have to be. You must verify this for your build, because you do not have to include both paths in the following compilations.




=== SimGear ===
=== SimGear ===
2.0.0:
<u>2.2.0 and GIT:</u>
cd $srcdir
wget http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/simgear/ftp/Source/SimGear-2.0.0.tar.gz
tar xzf SimGear-2.0.0.tar.gz
cd SimGear-2.0.0
 
GIT:
  cd $srcdir
  cd $srcdir
  git clone git://gitorious.org/fg/simgear.git simgear
  git clone git://gitorious.org/fg/simgear.git simgear
  cd simgear
  cd simgear
./autogen.sh


2.0.0 and GIT:
<u>2.2.0 only:</u>
git checkout -b releases/2.2.0 origin/releases/2.2.0
 
<u>2.2.0 and GIT:</u>
.autogen.sh
  ./configure --prefix=$prefix CPPFLAGS=-I$prefix/include LDFLAGS="-L$prefix/lib -L$prefix/lib64"
  ./configure --prefix=$prefix CPPFLAGS=-I$prefix/include LDFLAGS="-L$prefix/lib -L$prefix/lib64"
  make install
  make install


=== FlightGear source ===
=== FlightGear source ===
2.0.0:
<u>2.2.0 and GIT:</u>
cd $srcdir
wget http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/flightgear/ftp/Source/FlightGear-2.0.0.tar.gz
tar xzf FlightGear-2.0.0.tar.gz
cd FlightGear-2.0.0
 
GIT:
  cd $srcdir
  cd $srcdir
  git clone git://gitorious.org/fg/flightgear.git flightgear
  git clone git://gitorious.org/fg/flightgear.git flightgear
  cd flightgear
  cd flightgear
<u>2.2.0 only:</u>
git checkout -b releases/2.2.0 origin/releases/2.2.0
<u>2.2.0 and GIT:</u>
  ./autogen.sh
  ./autogen.sh
2.0.0 and GIT:
  ./configure --prefix=$prefix CPPFLAGS=-I$prefix/include/ LDFLAGS="-L$prefix/lib -L$prefix/lib64"
  ./configure --prefix=$prefix CPPFLAGS=-I$prefix/include/ LDFLAGS="-L$prefix/lib -L$prefix/lib64"
  make install
  make install


=== FlightGear data ===
=== FlightGear data ===
2.0.0:
<u>2.2.0 only:</u>
cd $prefix
At the time of writing, 2.2.0 is not yet released, there is no tar archive for the data available. Test pilots for this release are advised to use the ''release/2.2.0'' branch from git. The following URL for wget will be updated, if it is not working, as soon as 2.2.0 is released.
wget http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/flightgear/ftp/Shared/FlightGear-data-2.0.0.tar.bz2
tar xjf FlightGear-data-2.0.0.tar.bz2
 
GIT:
  cd $prefix
  cd $prefix
  git clone git://gitorious.org/fg/fgdata.git data
  wget http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/pub/mirrors/flightgear/ftp/Shared/FlightGear-data-2.2.0.tar.bz2
tar xjf FlightGear-data-2.2.0.tar.bz2


The primary gitorious source is known to have trouble cloning the data, the mapserver mirror usually has no problems:
<u>GIT only:</u>
For slow/unstable internet connections it is recommended to download the [[Git#fgdata.bundle|fgdata.bundle]] instead of cloning the data.<BR>
FlightGear's primary git server on gitorious is known to have trouble cloning the data, the mapserver's mirror usually has no problems:
  cd $prefix
  cd $prefix
  git clone git://mapserver.flightgear.org/fgdata data
  git clone git://mapserver.flightgear.org/fgdata
 
Also, there are bundles (snapshots) available that can be retrieved with your favorite download manager. This way you can resume interrupted downloads. After unpacking only a comparatively small amount of data has to be transferred from the git server to synchronize your repository.
$ cd $prefix
$ wget http://flightgear.mxchange.org/pub/fgfs/fgdata.bundle
$ git clone fgdata.bundle fgdata
Initialized empty Git repository in fgdata/.git/
warning: unrecognized header: -deg" - /orientation/roll += "-deg" - /position/altitude += "-ft" - /position/altitude-agl += "-ft" - /position/latitude += "-deg" --/position/longitude += "-deg" - /radios/adf/frequencies/selected += "-khz" - /radios/adf/frequencies/
warning: remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.
$ cd fgdata
$ git branch master-tmp origin/master
Branch master-tmp set up to track remote branch refs/remotes/origin/master.
$ git remote rm origin
$ git remote add origin git://gitorious.org/fg/fgdata
$ git fetch origin
remote: Counting objects: 5596, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (2919/2919), done.
remote: Total 4266 (delta 2540), reused 2166 (delta 1297)
Receiving objects: 100% (4266/4266), 117.93 MiB | 1374 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (2540/2540), completed with 628 local objects.
From git://gitorious.org/fg/fgdata
  * [new branch]      PRE_OSG_PLIB_20061029 -> origin/PRE_OSG_PLIB_20061029
  * [new branch]      master    -> origin/master
  * [new tag]        last-cvs  -> last-cvs
  * [new tag]        mapserver  -> mapserver
$ git branch -D master-tmp
Deleted branch master-tmp.
$ git branch --track master origin/master
Branch master set up to track remote branch refs/remotes/origin/master.
$ git checkout


The bundle may be periodically updated and bundles from different sources need not be the same. The file size for the above bundle dated 2010-06-09 is 2394168314, while the md5 checksum is
$ md5sum fgdata.bundle
2996221bd2b8ab7740f332f49396cf56  fgdata.bundle


=== Trial run ===
=== Trial run ===
When all the builds are done and the data download has finished it is time for a test run:
When all the builds are done and the data download has finished it is time for a test run:
  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$prefix/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$prefix/lib/:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
  $prefix/bin/fgfs --fg-root=$prefix/data
  $prefix/bin/fgfs --fg-root=$prefix/fgdata


For the future, if you want to start FlightGear from command line have a look at [[fgfsrc]], if you prefer a graphical user interface continue with [[#fgrun|compiling fgrun]]. Have in mind that fgfs need to find our self compiled libraries and therefore we have to tell the linker (ld) where to find them. That is what the first line here does.
For the future, if you want to start FlightGear from command line have a look at [[fgfsrc]], if you prefer a graphical user interface continue with [[#fgrun|compiling fgrun]]. Have in mind that fgfs need to find our self compiled libraries and therefore we have to tell the linker (ld) where to find them. That is what the first line here does.


== Optional Software ==
== Optional Software ==
=== fgrun ===
=== fgrun ===
To build [[fgrun]] two more package is required:
To build [[fgrun]] two more package is required:
*libfltk1.1-dev fluid
*libfltk1.1-dev


  cd $srcdir
  cd $srcdir
Line 188: Line 141:
  ./configure --prefix=$prefix  [CPPFLAGS=-I$prefix/include/ LDFLAGS="-L$prefix/lib -L$prefix/lib64"]
  ./configure --prefix=$prefix  [CPPFLAGS=-I$prefix/include/ LDFLAGS="-L$prefix/lib -L$prefix/lib64"]
  make install
  make install


=== fgcom ===
=== fgcom ===
For [[fgcom]] unfortunately there is one more dependency which cannot be solved with packages on Lenny/Etch, see [[#libopenal|libopenal]].
For [[fgcom]] unfortunately there is one more dependency which cannot be solved with packages on '''Lenny''', see [[#libopenal|libopenal]].


  cd $srcdir
  cd $srcdir
Line 197: Line 151:
  make INSTALL_BIN=$prefix/bin INSTALL_DIR=$prefix/fgcom \
  make INSTALL_BIN=$prefix/bin INSTALL_DIR=$prefix/fgcom \
     PLIB_PREFIX=$prefix OPENAL_PREFIX=$prefix install
     PLIB_PREFIX=$prefix OPENAL_PREFIX=$prefix install
<!--== Keeping the GIT version up to date ==
...to be continued. ;-)
-->




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